How to format your references using the Cognitive Neurodynamics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cognitive Neurodynamics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

von Huene R (2008) Geophysics. When seamounts subduct. Science 321:1165–1166

A journal article with 2 authors

Butler A, Sandy M (2009) Mechanistic considerations of halogenating enzymes. Nature 460:848–854

A journal article with 3 authors

Li X, Roberti R, Blobel G (2015) Structure of an integral membrane sterol reductase from Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum. Nature 517:104–107

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Li C, Tong W, Liu B, et al (2014) The -1082A>G polymorphism in promoter region of interleukin-10 and risk of digestive cancer: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 4:5335

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kaplan W (1998) Maxima and Minima with Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Dietel M (ed) (2007) Targeted Therapies in Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Dye HA, Kauffman LH, Manturov VO (2011) On Two Categorifications of the Arrow Polynomial for Virtual Knots. In: Banagl M, Vogel D (eds) The Mathematics of Knots: Theory and Application. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 95–124

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cognitive Neurodynamics.

Blog post

Andrew E (2013) What Have We Got To Lose?: A Brief History of Mass Extinction Events. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/what-have-we-got-lose-brief-history-mass-extinction-events/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) Surface Transportation: Availability of Intercity Bus Service Continues to Decline. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Witvorapong N (2011) The Dynamics of Living Arrangements Among the Elderly. Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K (2010) Kielbasa Kingdom. New York Times NJ13

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (von Huene 2008).
This sentence cites two references (von Huene 2008; Butler and Sandy 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Butler and Sandy 2009)
Three or more authors: (Li et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Cognitive Neurodynamics
Abbreviation	Cogn. Neurodyn.
ISSN (print)	1871-4080
ISSN (online)	1871-4099
Scope	Cognitive Neuroscience