How to format your references using the CoDesign citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for CoDesign. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gordon, Peter. 2004. “Numerical Cognition without Words: Evidence from Amazonia.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 306 (5695): 496–499.

A journal article with 2 authors

Holowka, Siobhan, and Laura Ann Petitto. 2002. “Left Hemisphere Cerebral Specialization for Babies While Babbling.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 297 (5586): 1515.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kay, Jeremy N., Monica W. Chu, and Joshua R. Sanes. 2012. “MEGF10 and MEGF11 Mediate Homotypic Interactions Required for Mosaic Spacing of Retinal Neurons.” Nature 483 (7390): 465–469.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Liu, Wen, Steven D. Christenson, Scott Standage, and Ben Shen. 2002. “Biosynthesis of the Enediyne Antitumor Antibiotic C-1027.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 297 (5584): 1170–1173.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Collier, Christopher G. 2016. Hydrometeorology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Schatz, Bruce R. 2011. Healthcare Infrastructure: Health Systems for Individuals and Populations. Edited by Richard B. Berlin Jr. Health Informatics. London: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Ziemba, Ewa, and Iwona Kolasa. 2016. “Risk Factors Relationships for Information Systems Projects – Insight from Polish Public Organizations.” In Information Technology for Management: Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems, ISM 2015 and AITM 2015, Lodz, Poland, September 2015, Revised Selected Papers, edited by Ewa Ziemba, 55–76. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for CoDesign.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2014. “Watch Doctors Remove A 19cm Worm From A Man’s Eyeball.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/nsfl-doctors-remove-19-centimeter-long-eyeworm/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1978. Federal Regulatory Policies. PAD-78-68. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Quiroz, Cristina A. 2012. “A Community Risk Assessment of 90032.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, Mary Williams. 2016. “No 401(k)? California Will Step In for Workers.” New York Times, August 26.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gordon 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Gordon 2004; Holowka and Petitto 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Holowka and Petitto 2002)
Three authors: (Kay, Chu, and Sanes 2012)
4 or more authors: (Liu et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	CoDesign
Abbreviation	CoDesign
ISSN (print)	1571-0882
ISSN (online)	1745-3755
Scope	Visual Arts and Performing Arts Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design Architecture