How to format your references using the CoDesign citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for CoDesign. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Engelman, Alan. 2007. “AIDS/HIV. A Reversal of Fortune in HIV-1 Integration.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 316 (5833): 1855–1857.

A journal article with 2 authors

Myers, Martin G., Jr, and David P. Olson. 2012. “Central Nervous System Control of Metabolism.” Nature 491 (7424): 357–363.

A journal article with 3 authors

Durham, William M., John O. Kessler, and Roman Stocker. 2009. “Disruption of Vertical Motility by Shear Triggers Formation of Thin Phytoplankton Layers.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 323 (5917): 1067–1070.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

West, R. A., M. E. Brown, S. V. Salinas, A. H. Bouchez, and H. G. Roe. 2005. “No Oceans on Titan from the Absence of a Near-Infrared Specular Reflection.” Nature 436 (7051): 670–672.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Peterson, Richard L., and Frank F. Murtha. 2010. MarketPsych. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Helming, Katharina, Marta Pérez-Soba, and Paul Tabbush, eds. 2008. Sustainability Impact Assessment of Land Use Changes. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Berezansky, Yurij M., and Artem D. Pulemyotov. 2008. “Image of a Jacobi Field.” In Recent Advances in Matrix and Operator Theory, edited by Joseph A. Ball, Yuli Eidelman, J. William Helton, Vadim Olshevsky, and James Rovnyak, 47–62. Operator Theory: Advances and Applications. Basel: Birkhäuser.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for CoDesign.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “Boy Born Without Eyes, Nose, or Jaw Undergoes Life-Changing Surgery.” IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1990. Close Air Support: Airborne Controllers in High-Threat Areas May Not Be Needed. NSIAD-90-116. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

ELBoushi, Tondelayo C. 2010. “Evaluating Ethics Training and the Outcome on Leadership Decision Making: A Phenomenological Study.” Doctoral dissertation, Phoenix, AZ: University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, Mary Williams. 2012. “Muni Bonds Not as Safe As Thought.” New York Times, August 16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Engelman 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Engelman 2007; Myers and Olson 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Myers and Olson 2012)
Three authors: (Durham, Kessler, and Stocker 2009)
4 or more authors: (West et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	CoDesign
Abbreviation	CoDesign
ISSN (print)	1571-0882
ISSN (online)	1745-3755
Scope	Visual Arts and Performing Arts Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design Architecture