How to format your references using the Clinics in Dermatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinics in Dermatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Roll-Mecak A. Botany. Shining light at microtubule crossroads. Science. 2013;342(6163):1180-1181.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tang S, Presgraves DC. Evolution of the Drosophila nuclear pore complex results in multiple hybrid incompatibilities. Science. 2009;323(5915):779-782.

A journal article with 3 authors

Naylor RL, Williams SL, Strong DR. Ecology. Aquaculture--a gateway for exotic species. Science. 2001;294(5547):1655-1656.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Birnbaum KM, Boca A, Miller R, Boozer AD, Northup TE, Kimble HJ. Photon blockade in an optical cavity with one trapped atom. Nature. 2005;436(7047):87-90.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lalanne C. Random Vibration. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Edenhofer O, Wallacher J, Lotze-Campen H, Reder M, Knopf B, Müller J, eds. Climate Change, Justice and Sustainability: Linking Climate and Development Policy. Springer Netherlands; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Porter T. The Political Economy of Private Management of High Impact Low Probability Risks in Finance and the Environment. In: Lang A, Murphy H, eds. Business and Sustainability: Between Government Pressure and Self-Regulation. Sustainability and Innovation. Springer International Publishing; 2014:81-99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinics in Dermatology.

Blog post

Hale T. This Font Could Make It Easier To Learn Japanese. IFLScience. November 11, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/slightly-easier-way-learn-japanese-typographic-project/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. WMATA’s Administrative Costs and Largo Extension. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stahl-Kovell DW. Reimagining Red Power: Native American Community, Activism, and Academics in Postwar America. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B. Film Series. New York Times. June 29, 2017:C22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinics in Dermatology
Abbreviation	Clin. Dermatol.
ISSN (print)	0738-081X
Scope	Dermatology