How to format your references using the Clinical Rheumatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Rheumatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sterman JD (2008) Economics. Risk communication on climate: mental models and mass balance. Science 322:532–533

A journal article with 2 authors

Eberl G, Littman DR (2004) Thymic origin of intestinal alphabeta T cells revealed by fate mapping of RORgammat+ cells. Science 305:248–251

A journal article with 3 authors

Naylor RL, Williams SL, Strong DR (2001) Ecology. Aquaculture--a gateway for exotic species. Science 294:1655–1656

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Aoki T, Dayan B, Wilcut E, et al (2006) Observation of strong coupling between one atom and a monolithic microresonator. Nature 443:671–674

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zarbock G, Lynch S, Ammann A, Ringer S (2014) Mindfulness for Therapists. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Park JJ (jong H, Zomaya A, Jeong H-Y, Obaidat M (2014) Frontier and Innovation in Future Computing and Communications. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Herrera LJ, Pomares H, Rojas I, et al (2006) Effective Input Variable Selection for Function Approximation. In: Kollias SD, Stafylopatis A, Duch W, Oja E (eds) Artificial Neural Networks – ICANN 2006: 16th International Conference, Athens, Greece, September 10-14, 2006. Proceedings, Part I. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 41–50

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Rheumatology.

Blog post

Evans K (2017) Mexican Government Teams Up With Leonardo DiCaprio In Last-Ditch Effort To Save Vaquita. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/mexican-government-teams-up-with-leonardo-dicaprio-in-lastditch-effort-to-save-vaquita/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1969) Administration of Title III of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Malherek MN (2016) The Prevalence and Predictors of Parental Corporal Punishment in the United States. Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cowan AL (2013) Family’s Tenacity and Wealth Put Skakel at Cusp of Freedom. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Rheumatology
Abbreviation	Clin. Rheumatol.
ISSN (print)	0770-3198
ISSN (online)	1434-9949
Scope	General Medicine Rheumatology