How to format your references using the Clinical Research in Cardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Research in Cardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schimpf D (2000) A benefit of being big. Science 290:453c

A journal article with 2 authors

Stevens B, Feingold G (2009) Untangling aerosol effects on clouds and precipitation in a buffered system. Nature 461:607–613

A journal article with 3 authors

Huang J, Lesser CF, Lory S (2008) The essential role of the CopN protein in Chlamydia pneumoniae intracellular growth. Nature 456:112–115

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Jompol Y, Ford CJB, Griffiths JP, et al (2009) Probing spin-charge separation in a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid. Science 325:597–601

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lastovetsky A (2003) Parallel Computing on Heterogeneous Networks. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Eriksson-Backa K, Luoma A, Krook E (2012) Exploring the Abyss of Inequalities: 4th International Conference on Well-Being in the Information Society, WIS 2012, Turku, Finland, August 22-24, 2012. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Soria F, Kazama S, Sawamoto M (2009) Sensitivity Analysis of Distributed Rainfall-Runoff Models. In: Tang H (ed) Advances in Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering: Proceedings of 16th IAHR-APD Congress and 3rd Symposium of IAHR-ISHS. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 24–28

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Research in Cardiology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Why The Drugs Market Isn’t Working And What We Can Do To Fix It. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/why-drugs-market-isn-t-working-and-what-we-can-do-fix-it/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1974) Costly Requirements for Certain Control Towers, Navigation Aids, and Airport Lights. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crosby AE (2012) A phenomenological heuristic study of psychosocial factors that contribute to African American females’ HIV seroconversion. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario B (2016) Judge Rejects Justice Dept. Decision on Music Licensing. New York Times B4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Research in Cardiology
Abbreviation	Clin. Res. Cardiol.
ISSN (print)	1861-0684
ISSN (online)	1861-0692
Scope	General Medicine Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine