How to format your references using the Clinical Research in Cardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Research in Cardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brockie B (2001) GM cows face slaughter in multiple sclerosis experiment. Nature 411:402

A journal article with 2 authors

Mullins CB, Sitz GO (2008) Chemistry. Taking a selective bite out of methane. Science 319:736–737

A journal article with 3 authors

Mahadevan A, Thomas LN, Tandon A (2008) Comment on “Eddy/wind interactions stimulate extraordinary mid-ocean plankton blooms.” Science 320:448; author reply 448

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Jin F, Zeng X, Liu J, et al (2014) Highly efficient and autocatalytic H2₂ dissociation for CO₂ reduction into formic acid with zinc. Sci Rep 4:4503

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mullaney MD (2009) The Complete Guide to Option Strategies. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Kirsch R (2009) Groundwater Geophysics: A Tool for Hydrogeology, Second Edition. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Pullerits T, Polivka T, Sundström V (2008) Photosynthetic Light-Harvesting. In: Braun M, Gilch P, Zinth W (eds) Ultrashort Laser Pulses in Biology and Medicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 95–115

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Research in Cardiology.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2016) New Theory Suggests A Single Solution To The Biggest Problems In Physics. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/new-theory-suggests-a-single-solution-to-the-biggest-problems-in-physics/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1990) Space Operations: NASA Is Not Properly Safeguarding Valuable Data From Past Missions. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reynaldo R (2017) Healthcare Leaders Under the Age of 40 - Successful Strategies and Practices for Leading Healthcare Organizations. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cox R, Lee L, Maharg-Bravo F, Hay G (2011) Dunkin’ Offers A Bubble Lesson. New York Times B2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Research in Cardiology
Abbreviation	Clin. Res. Cardiol.
ISSN (print)	1861-0684
ISSN (online)	1861-0692
Scope	General Medicine Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine