How to format your references using the Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Frey PA. Enzymology. Coenzymes and radicals. Science (2001); 294: 2489–2490.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wilks J, Golovkina T. Immunology. Interfering with interferons. Science (2015); 347: 233–234.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lutz W, Kritzinger S, Skirbekk V. Population. The demography of growing European identity. Science (2006); 314: 425.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Greaves SJ, Rose RA, Oliver TAA, et al. Vibrationally quantum-state-specific reaction dynamics of H atom abstraction by CN radical in solution. Science (2011); 331: 1423–1426.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Thyagarajan KS. Still Image and Video Compression with MATLAB. 2010. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Manolopoulos Y. R-Trees: Theory and Applications. (eds. Nanopoulos A., Papadopoulos A. N., Theodoridis Y.) 2006. Springer, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Vespucci MT, Bertocchi M, Tomasgard A, et al. Integration of Wind Power Production in a Conventional Power Production System: Stochastic Models and Performance Measures. In: Handbook of Wind Power Systems (eds. Pardalos P. M., Rebennack S., Pereira M. V. F., et al.) (2013); pp. 129–152. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. Glass-Based Paint Could Stop Metal Surfaces Getting Too Hot In Sunlight. IFLScience. 2015. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. [Comments on Referral of NASA Subcontractors’ Claims to Congress]. 1996 Jun. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.Report No.: B-230871.4.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Beard AR. Absence Causation in Mechanistic Explanation [Doctoral dissertation]. 2017. California State University, Long Beach, [Long Beach, CA].

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron J. Bar Cars Are Coming Back, but Don’t Expect a Seat. New York Times (2016);A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Frey 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Frey 2001, Wilks and Golovkina 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wilks and Golovkina 2015)
Three or more authors: (Greaves et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging
ISSN (print)	1475-0961
ISSN (online)	1475-097X
Scope