How to format your references using the Clinical Nutrition Experimental citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Nutrition Experimental. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Levine M. Retrospective. Walter Gehring (1939-2014). Science 2014;345:277.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Huebsch N, Mooney DJ. Inspiration and application in the evolution of biomaterials. Nature 2009;462:426–32.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Shimojo S, Kamitani Y, Nishida S. Afterimage of perceptually filled-in surface. Science 2001;293:1677–80.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Li S, Hill CP, Sundquist WI, Finch JT. Image reconstructions of helical assemblies of the HIV-1 CA protein. Nature 2000;407:409–13.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Tunley M, Whittaker A, Gee J, Button M. The Accredited Counter Fraud Specialist Handbook. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Böck R, Bonin F, Campbell N, Poppe R, editors. Multimodal Analyses enabling Artificial Agents in Human-Machine Interaction: Second International Workshop, MA3HMI 2014, Held in Conjunction with INTERSPEECH 2014, Singapore, Singapore, September 14, 2014, Revised Selected Papers. vol. 8757. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Cadorin L, Knus M-A, Rost M. On the dimension and other numerical invariants of algebras and vector products. In: Tandon R, editor. Algebra and Number Theory: Proceedings of the Silver Jubilee Conference University of Hyderabad, Gurgaon: Hindustan Book Agency; 2005, p. 34–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Nutrition Experimental.

Blog post

[1]

Carpineti A. What’s Hiding Underneath Jupiter’s Clouds? IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/space/what-s-hiding-underneath-jupiter-s-clouds/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. VA Student Financial Aid: Management Actions Needed to Reduce Overlap in Approving Education and Training Programs and to Assess State Approving Agencies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Green JT. The relationship between technology support and extent of technology integration into college-level foreign language curricula. Doctoral dissertation. University of South Florida, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kurdewan J. Bill Cunningham, Unpublished. New York Times 2016:ST4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Nutrition Experimental
Abbreviation	Clin. Nutr. Exp.
ISSN (print)	2352-9393
Scope

Research and Writing Guides