How to format your references using the Clinical Nutrition Experimental citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Nutrition Experimental. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Grenier IA. Gamma-ray astronomy. A needle in a cosmic haystack. Nature 2000;404:344–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Piperno DR, Stothert KE. Phytolith evidence for early Holocene Cucurbita domestication in southwest Ecuador. Science 2003;299:1054–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Sezen UU, Chazdon RL, Holsinger KE. Genetic consequences of tropical second-growth forest regeneration. Science 2005;307:891.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Kato H, Okazaki K, Iida T, Nakayama J-I, Murakami Y, Urano T. Spt6 prevents transcription-coupled loss of posttranslationally modified histone H3. Sci Rep 2013;3:2186.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Schmidt W. Optische Spektroskopie. D-69451 Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH; 2000.

An edited book

[1]

Setola R, Geretshuber S, editors. Critical Information Infrastructure Security: Third International Workshop, CRITIS 2008, Rome, Italy, October13-15, 2008. Revised Papers. vol. 5508. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Pratt WB, Morishima Y, Murphy M, Harrell M. Chaperoning of Glucocorticoid Receptors. In: Starke K, Gaestel M, editors. Molecular Chaperones in Health and Disease, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006, p. 111–38.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Nutrition Experimental.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew D. Why You Should Dispense With Antibacterial Soaps. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/why-you-should-dispense-with-antibacterial-soaps/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: FAA Can Help Ensure That Airports’ Access Control Systems Are Cost-Effective. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Golf F. Search for New Physics in a Final State with Same-Sign Dileptons, Jets, and Missing Transverse Energy at 7 TeV Center of Mass Energy. Doctoral dissertation. University of California San Diego, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Paulson M. Ahead of Tonys, Watching Everything. New York Times 2017:A2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Nutrition Experimental
Abbreviation	Clin. Nutr. Exp.
ISSN (print)	2352-9393
Scope