How to format your references using the Clinical Nutrition Experimental citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Nutrition Experimental. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Erwin DH. Macroevolution. Seeds of diversity. Science 2005;308:1752–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Errami M, Garner H. A tale of two citations. Nature 2008;451:397–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Li J, Sato T, Kageyama A. Repeated and sudden reversals of the dipole field generated by a spherical dynamo action. Science 2002;295:1887–90.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Johnson J, Canning J, Kaneko T, Pru JK, Tilly JL. Germline stem cells and follicular renewal in the postnatal mammalian ovary. Nature 2004;428:145–50.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Ibrahim MA. Disturbance Analysis for Power Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Silverstein JH, Rooke GA, Reves JG, McLeskey CH, editors. Geriatric Anesthesiology. Second Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Silva JPVD, Vieira CC. The Value of Informal Learning for Illiterate Older Women Across the Lifespan. In: Ostrouch-Kamińska J, Vieira CC, editors. Private World(s): Gender and Informal Learning of Adults, Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2015, p. 59–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Nutrition Experimental.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Operator Blew Up Antares Rocket Deliberately. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/space/operator-blew-antares-rocket-deliberately/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. National Weather Service: Modernization Activities Affecting Northwestern Pennsylvania. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Sanghvi AM. Characterization of algal biomeal for applications in food. Doctoral dissertation. University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Vecsey G. In Afghanistan, On the Road to Boston. New York Times 2010:SP6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Nutrition Experimental
Abbreviation	Clin. Nutr. Exp.
ISSN (print)	2352-9393
Scope