How to format your references using the Clinical Nutrition Experimental citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Nutrition Experimental. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Macilwain C. Science should be ready to jump off “the cliff.” Nature 2012;491:639.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Longhi S, Della Valle G. Floquet bound states in the continuum. Sci Rep 2013;3:2219.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Pickrell JK, Gilad Y, Pritchard JK. Comment on “Widespread RNA and DNA sequence differences in the human transcriptome.” Science 2012;335:1302; author reply 1302.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Hu Y, Baud V, Oga T, Kim KI, Yoshida K, Karin M. IKKalpha controls formation of the epidermis independently of NF-kappaB. Nature 2001;410:710–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Mallée R, Fuchs W, Eligehausen R. Design of Fastenings for Use in Concrete - the CEN/TS 1992-4 Provisions. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Nickerson CA, Pellis NR, Ott CM, editors. Effect of Spaceflight and Spaceflight Analogue Culture on Human and Microbial Cells: Novel Insights into Disease Mechanisms. 1st ed. 2016. New York, NY: Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Ferrise R, Moriondo M, Trombi G, Miglietta F, Bindi M. Climate Change Impacts on Typical Mediterranean Crops and Evaluation of Adaptation Strategies to Cope With. In: Navarra A, Tubiana L, editors. Regional Assessment of Climate Change in the Mediterranean: Volume 2: Agriculture, Forests and Ecosystem Services and People, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013, p. 49–70.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Nutrition Experimental.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Want To Build A Moon Base? Easy. Just Print It. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/space/want-build-moon-base-easy-just-print-it/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Motor Vehicle Safety: Passive Restraints Needed to Make Light Trucks Safer. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Beattie LJ. Meeting the Needs of Low Income Students. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kelly C. The $250,000 Question. New York Times 2007:F1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Nutrition Experimental
Abbreviation	Clin. Nutr. Exp.
ISSN (print)	2352-9393
Scope