How to format your references using the Clinical Nutrition citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Nutrition. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Lundstrom CC. Rapid diffusive infiltration of sodium into partially molten peridotite. Nature 2000;403:527–30.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Bard E, Rickaby REM. Migration of the subtropical front as a modulator of glacial climate. Nature 2009;460:380–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Guo D, Knight TE, McCusker JK. Angular momentum conservation in dipolar energy transfer. Science 2011;334:1684–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Thibert C, Teillet M-A, Lapointe F, Mazelin L, Le Douarin NM, Mehlen P. Inhibition of neuroepithelial patched-induced apoptosis by sonic hedgehog. Science 2003;301:843–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Heimann RB. Classic and Advanced Ceramics. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Ćulibrk D. Sensing Technologies For Precision Irrigation. New York, NY: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Kress TM. Singing a Different Tune. In: Tobin K, Shady A, editors. Transforming Urban Education: Urban Teachers and Students Working Collaboratively, Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2014, p. 53–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Nutrition.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. How To Sex A Dinosaur. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Hispanic Employment Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

De la Pena Wing T. Remembering Malintzin’s dream: A bridge between two cultures through language and love. Doctoral dissertation. Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Ruprecht T. In Too Deep. New York Times 2011:MM50.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Nutrition
Abbreviation	Clin. Nutr.
ISSN (print)	0261-5614
Scope	Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine Nutrition and Dietetics