How to format your references using the Clinical Neurophysiology Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Neurophysiology Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zewail, A.H., 2001. The fog that was not. Nature 412, 279.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hosten, O., Kwiat, P., 2008. Observation of the spin hall effect of light via weak measurements. Science 319, 787–790.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hu, S., Shima, T., Hou, Z., 2014. Carbon-carbon bond cleavage and rearrangement of benzene by a trinuclear titanium hydride. Nature 512, 413–415.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ikeda, F., Deribe, Y.L., Skånland, S.S., Stieglitz, B., Grabbe, C., Franz-Wachtel, M., van Wijk, S.J.L., Goswami, P., Nagy, V., Terzic, J., Tokunaga, F., Androulidaki, A., Nakagawa, T., Pasparakis, M., Iwai, K., Sundberg, J.P., Schaefer, L., Rittinger, K., Macek, B., Dikic, I., 2011. SHARPIN forms a linear ubiquitin ligase complex regulating NF-κB activity and apoptosis. Nature 471, 637–641.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chandra, S., 2016. Energy, Entropy and Engines. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

del Río, L.A. (Ed.), 2013. Peroxisomes and their Key Role in Cellular Signaling and Metabolism, Subcellular Biochemistry. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Sirvent, I., León, T., 2014. Cross-Efficiency in Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis (FDEA): Some Proposals, in: Emrouznejad, A., Tavana, M. (Eds.), Performance Measurement with Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis, Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 101–116.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Neurophysiology Practice.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2017. Zika Virus May Shrink Testicles And Cause Fertility Problems In Men [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/zika-virus-may-shrink-testicles-and-cause-fertility-problems-in-men/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2015. Teacher Preparation Programs: Education Should Ensure States Identify Low-Performing Programs and Improve Information-Sharing (No. GAO-15-598). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Houger, V.P., 2011. Generational differences and the impact to employee engagement: A program design (Doctoral dissertation). Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J., 2016. Kershaw Delivers His Best Playoff Performance, Leaving Cubs Flustered. New York Times D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Zewail, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Hosten and Kwiat, 2008; Zewail, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hosten and Kwiat, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Ikeda et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Neurophysiology Practice
Abbreviation	Clin. Neurophysiol. Pract.
ISSN (print)	2467-981X
Scope	Clinical Neurology Physiology (medical) Neurology