How to format your references using the Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

H. Pälike, Geochemistry. Impact and extinction, Science. 339 (2013) 655–656.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

A.H. Brivanlou, J.E. Darnell Jr, Signal transduction and the control of gene expression, Science. 295 (2002) 813–818.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

I. Joughin, B.E. Smith, B. Medley, Marine ice sheet collapse potentially under way for the Thwaites Glacier Basin, West Antarctica, Science. 344 (2014) 735–738.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M. Zdanowicz, J. Harra, J.M. Mäkelä, E. Heinonen, T. Ning, M. Kauranen, G. Genty, Second-harmonic response of multilayer nanocomposites of silver-decorated nanoparticles and silica, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 5745.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

E.R. Norwitz, G.R. Saade, H. Miller, C.M. Davidson, Obstetric Clinical Algorithms, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

S. Raghavan, G. Anandalingam, eds., Telecommunications Planning: Innovations in Pricing, Network Design and Management, Springer US, Boston, MA, 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

T.J. Wilbanks, S. Fernandez, Implications for Future Risk Management Strategies, in: T.J. Wilbanks, S. Fernandez (Eds.), Climate Change and Infrastructure, Urban Systems, and Vulnerabilities, Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, Washington, DC, 2014: pp. 55–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery.

Blog post

[1]

J. O`Callaghan, Buzz Aldrin – The President That Sends Us To Mars Will Be Remembered For 1,000s Of Years, IFLScience. (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/space/buzz-aldrin-tells-iflscience-why-he-really-really-wants-us-colonize-mars/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Information Security: FAA Needs to Address Weaknesses in Air Traffic Control Systems, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2015.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

G.W. Kolaski, Cultural awareness and the U.S. military advisor in the Arab Middle East: A phenomenological study, Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

K. Taylor, Principal Acknowledged Forging Answers on Tests for Students, Officials Say, New York Times. (2015) A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Abbreviation	Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg.
ISSN (print)	0303-8467
Scope	General Medicine Clinical Neurology Surgery

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