How to format your references using the Clinical Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Helmuth L. ALZHEIMER’S CONGRESS: Further Progress on a. Science 2000;289:375a.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Constantinople CM, Bruno RM. Deep cortical layers are activated directly by thalamus. Science 2013;340:1591–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Wagner DE, Wang IE, Reddien PW. Clonogenic neoblasts are pluripotent adult stem cells that underlie planarian regeneration. Science 2011;332:811–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Madan I, Kurosawa T, Toda Y, Oda M, Mertelj T, Kusar P, et al. Separating pairing from quantum phase coherence dynamics above the superconducting transition by femtosecond spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2014;4:5656.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Diver DA. Plasma Formulary for Physics, Astronomy, and Technology. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Gatzoulis MA. Cardiopatie congenite dell’adulto: Una guida pratica. Milano: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Raiser K. Christianity and History. In: Raiser K, editor. Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker: Major Texts on Religion, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014, p. 36–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Imaging.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Archaeologists Believe They Have Found Mysterious Concealed Chambers Inside Tutankhamun’s Tomb. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/has-nefertitis-tomb-finally-been-found/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Satellite Acquisition: Global Positioning System Acquisition Changes After Challenger’s Accident. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Jones DM. Educational paradigm shift: Emergence of the virtual classroom. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kelly M. THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: Political Week; “Did Not!” and “Did So!” Frame the Tax Debate. New York Times 1992:A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Imaging
Abbreviation	Clin. Imaging
ISSN (print)	0899-7071
Scope	Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging