How to format your references using the Clinical Chemistry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Chemistry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dekker J. Gene regulation in the third dimension. Science. 2008;319:1793–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pitaevskii L, Stringari S. Ultracold matter. The quest for superfluidity in Fermi gases. Science. 2002;298:2144–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tylianakis JM, Tscharntke T, Lewis OT. Habitat modification alters the structure of tropical host-parasitoid food webs. Nature. 2007;445:202–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Fang C, Frontiera RR, Tran R, Mathies RA. Mapping GFP structure evolution during proton transfer with femtosecond Raman spectroscopy. Nature. 2009;462:200–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bonilla LL, Teitsworth SW. Nonlinear Wave Methods for Charge Transport. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2010.

An edited book

Degano P, Guttman JD, editors. Principles of Security and Trust: First International Conference, POST 2012, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2012, Tallinn, Estonia, March 24 - April 1, 2012, Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Yang J, Ma X, Hou C, Yao Z. A Static Multiprocessor Scheduling Algorithm for Arbitrary Directed Task Graphs in Uncertain Environments. In: Bourgeois AG, Zheng SQ, editors. Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing: 8th International Conference, ICA3PP 2008, Cyprus, June 9-11, 2008 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. page 18–29.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Chemistry.

Blog post

Luntz S. Protective Coating Could Revolutionize Waterproofing [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/protective-coating-could-revolutionize-waterproofing/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. High-Containment Laboratories: Recent Incidents of Biosafety Lapses. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014 Jul. Report No.: GAO-14-785T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Okada H. Modulation of BACE1 by a novel sorting nexin in Alzheimer’s disease [Doctoral dissertation]. [New York, NY]: Columbia University; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Back in Queens, Johnson Is Full of Memories and Statistics. New York Times. 2013;B12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Chemistry
Abbreviation	Clin. Chem.
ISSN (print)	0009-9147
ISSN (online)	1530-8561
Scope	Clinical Biochemistry Biochemistry, medical