How to format your references using the Clinical Chemistry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Chemistry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rees M. Time for global statistics we can count on. Nature. 2013;502:273.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kaplinsky NJ, Barton MK. Plant biology. Plant acupuncture: sticking PINs in the right places. Science. 2004;306:822–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gu C, Jan YN, Jan LY. A conserved domain in axonal targeting of Kv1 (Shaker) voltage-gated potassium channels. Science. 2003;301:646–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Dominguez-Medina S, Fostner S, Defoort M, Sansa M, Stark A-K, Halim MA, et al. Neutral mass spectrometry of virus capsids above 100 megadaltons with nanomechanical resonators. Science. 2018;362:918–22.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Denison E, Ren GY. Luke Him Sau Architect. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Spagnolo P, Mazzeo PL, Distante C, editors. Human Behavior Understanding in Networked Sensing: Theory and Applications of Networks of Sensors. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Schein M, Sajja S, Elben HU. Abdominal Imaging. In: Schein M, Rogers P, Assalia A, editors. Schein’s Common Sense Emergency Abdominal Surgery: An Unconventional Book for Trainees and Thinking Surgeons. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. page 33–55.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Chemistry.

Blog post

Andrew D. The Most Incredible Microscope Images Of 2016 Reveal A Beautiful, Hidden Universe [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/the-most-incredible-microscope-images-of-2016-reveal-a-beautiful-hidden-universe/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Surface Transportation: Issues Associated With Pipeline Regulation by the Surface Transportation Board. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998 Apr. Report No.: RCED-98-99.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Glazer K. Imagining a constructionist game-based pedagogical model: Using tabletop role-playing game creation to enhance literature education in high school English classes [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel B. Start of Chiefs-Steelers Game Moved to Sunday Night. New York Times. 2017;D4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Chemistry
Abbreviation	Clin. Chem.
ISSN (print)	0009-9147
ISSN (online)	1530-8561
Scope	Clinical Biochemistry Biochemistry, medical