How to format your references using the Clinical and Experimental Nephrology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical and Experimental Nephrology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Schenkel R. Science policy. The challenge of feeding scientific advice into policy-making. Science. 2010;330:1749–51.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Wang L, Anderson DJ. Identification of an aggression-promoting pheromone and its receptor neurons in Drosophila. Nature. 2010;463:227–31.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Catrysse PB, Liu V, Fan S. Complete power concentration into a single waveguide in large-scale waveguide array lenses. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6635.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kodama K, Takigawa M, Horvatić M, Berthier C, Kageyama H, Ueda Y, et al. Magnetic superstructure in the two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet SrCu2(BO3)2. Science. 2002;298:395–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Zhang B, Wang X. Chaos Analysis and Chaotic EMI Suppression of DC-DC Converters. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

1. Arabnia HR, Tran Q-N, editors. Software Tools and Algorithms for Biological Systems. New York, NY: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Bravetti M, Latella D, Loreti M, Massink M, Zavattaro G. Combining Timed Coordination Primitives and Probabilistic Tuple Spaces. In: Kaklamanis C, Nielson F, editors. Trustworthy Global Computing: 4th International Symposium, TGC 2008, Barcelona, Spain, November 3-4, 2008, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 52–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical and Experimental Nephrology.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. What Happens When You Play Music Through A Squid? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/what-happens-when-you-play-music-through-squid/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Awarding and Implementing an Emergency School Aid Act Grant to the North End Concerned Citizens Community Council, Detroit, Michigan. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1974 Aug. Report No.: B-164031(1).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Thom RC. Digital Martyrs and Shadowless Assailants: The Projective Shadow’s Emergence in Cyberspace [Doctoral dissertation]. [Carpinteria, CA]: Pacifica Graduate Institute; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Vlasic B, Chapman MM. Union Vote at Ford and G.M. Ends Painful Process for Big Three. New York Times. 2015 Nov 22;A24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
Abbreviation	Clin. Exp. Nephrol.
ISSN (print)	1342-1751
ISSN (online)	1437-7799
Scope	Physiology Nephrology Physiology (medical)