How to format your references using the Climatic Change citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Climatic Change. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Goldemberg J (2007) Ethanol for a sustainable energy future. Science 315:808–810

A journal article with 2 authors

Brown GD, Gordon S (2001) Immune recognition. A new receptor for beta-glucans. Nature 413:36–37

A journal article with 3 authors

Maamar H, Raj A, Dubnau D (2007) Noise in gene expression determines cell fate in Bacillus subtilis. Science 317:526–529

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Snippert HJ, Haegebarth A, Kasper M, et al (2010) Lgr6 marks stem cells in the hair follicle that generate all cell lineages of the skin. Science 327:1385–1389

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zadora G, Martyna A, Ramos D, Aitken C (2013) Statistical Analysis in Forensic Science. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Jhala R, Bosschere KD (eds) (2013) Compiler Construction: 22nd International Conference, CC 2013, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2013, Rome, Italy, March 16-24, 2013. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Coccolini F, D’Amico G, Montori G, et al (2016) Laparoscopy in Gynecologic Emergencies. In: Agresta F, Campanile FC, Anania G, Bergamini C (eds) Emergency Laparoscopy. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 55–71

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Climatic Change.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Six Lessons From The Initial Failed International Response To Ebola. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/six-lessons-initial-failed-international-response-ebola/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2001) VA Information Technology: Important Initiatives Begun, Yet Serious Vulnerabilities Persist. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Obakhume DA (2013) An aftercare program for female survivors of domestic abuse: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Ember S (2016) Four From BuzzFeed’s Politics Team Defect to CNN. New York Times B2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Goldemberg 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Brown and Gordon 2001; Goldemberg 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brown and Gordon 2001)
Three or more authors: (Snippert et al. 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Climatic Change
Abbreviation	Clim. Change
ISSN (print)	0165-0009
ISSN (online)	1573-1480
Scope	Atmospheric Science Global and Planetary Change

Research and Writing Guides