How to format your references using the Climatic Change citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Climatic Change. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gong JP (2014) Materials science. Materials both tough and soft. Science 344:161–162

A journal article with 2 authors

Dey S, Joshi A (2006) Stability via asynchrony in Drosophila metapopulations with low migration rates. Science 312:434–436

A journal article with 3 authors

Leone A, Ferrari PF, Palagi E (2014) Different yawns, different functions? Testing social hypotheses on spontaneous yawning in Theropithecus gelada. Sci Rep 4:4010

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Borondo J, Borondo F, Rodriguez-Sickert C, Hidalgo CA (2014) To each according to its degree: the meritocracy and topocracy of embedded markets. Sci Rep 4:3784

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Epperlein PW (2013) Semiconductor Laser Engineering, Reliability and Diagnostics. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Campbell T, Miller S (eds) (2005) Human Rights and the Moral Responsibilities of Corporate and Public Sector Organisations. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Sarma B, Sarma AK (2016) Optimal Allocation of Ecological Management Practices in a Hilly Urban Watershed. In: Sarma AK, Singh VP, Kartha SA, Bhattacharjya RK (eds) Urban Hydrology, Watershed Management and Socio-Economic Aspects. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 35–47

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Climatic Change.

Blog post

Andrew E (2013) Animals Can Be Giant Jerks. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/animals-can-be-giant-jerks/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1995) Space Station: Estimated Total U.S. Funding Requirements. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Parada PM (2013) Culture and Early Language Development: Implications for Assessment and Intervention. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW (2012) Tighter Rules Are Issued On Municipal Bond Deals. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gong 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Dey and Joshi 2006; Gong 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dey and Joshi 2006)
Three or more authors: (Borondo et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Climatic Change
Abbreviation	Clim. Change
ISSN (print)	0165-0009
ISSN (online)	1573-1480
Scope	Atmospheric Science Global and Planetary Change