How to format your references using the City citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for City. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ittekkot, Venugopalan. 2003. “Geochemistry. A New Story from the Ol’ Man River.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 301 (5629): 56–58.

A journal article with 2 authors

Higley, Michael J., and Stephen M. Strittmatter. 2010. “Neuroscience. Lynx for Braking Plasticity.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 330 (6008): 1189–1190.

A journal article with 3 authors

Keith, David W., Edward Parson, and M. Granger Morgan. 2010. “Research on Global Sun Block Needed Now.” Nature 463 (7280): 426–427.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Pruneda-Paz, Jose L., Ghislain Breton, Alessia Para, and Steve A. Kay. 2009. “A Functional Genomics Approach Reveals CHE as a Component of the Arabidopsis Circadian Clock.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 323 (5920): 1481–1485.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kanel, Gary C. 2017. Pathology of Liver Diseases. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Tucker, Allan, Frank Höppner, Arno Siebes, and Stephen Swift, eds. 2013. Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis XII: 12th International Symposium, IDA 2013, London, UK, October 17-19, 2013. Proceedings. Vol. 8207. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Malik, Tanu, Ashish Gehani, Dawood Tariq, and Fareed Zaffar. 2013. “Sketching Distributed Data Provenance.” In Data Provenance and Data Management in EScience, edited by Qing Liu, Quan Bai, Stephen Giugni, Darrell Williamson, and John Taylor, 85–107. Studies in Computational Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for City.

Blog post

Hale, Tom. 2017. “Egyptian Mummy Thought To Be A Bird Turns Out To Be Human Fetus.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/egyptian-mummy-thought-to-be-a-bird-turns-out-to-be-human-fetus/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1999. Transportation Safety: Information Concerning Why a 1980 Aircraft Report Was Not Provided Earlier to the National Transportation Safety Board. OSI-00-2R. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Remon, Gabriel. 2010. “Not Here Not Now.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara, Susan. 2017. “Progress and Preservation, in a Small-Town Package.” New York Times, June 21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ittekkot 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Ittekkot 2003; Higley and Strittmatter 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Higley and Strittmatter 2010)
Three authors: (Keith, Parson, and Morgan 2010)
4 or more authors: (Pruneda-Paz et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	City
Abbreviation	City
ISSN (print)	1360-4813
ISSN (online)	1470-3629
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development Urban Studies