How to format your references using the Case Reports in Neurology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Case Reports in Neurology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Horton JD. Physiology. Unfolding lipid metabolism. Science. 2008 Jun;320(5882):1433–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Berkman PA, Young OR. Science and government. Governance and environmental change in the Arctic Ocean. Science. 2009 Apr;324(5925):339–40.

A journal article with 3 authors

Smith DK, Cann JR, Escartín J. Widespread active detachment faulting and core complex formation near 13 degrees N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Nature. 2006 Jul;442(7101):440–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hvorup RN, Goetz BA, Niederer M, Hollenstein K, Perozo E, Locher KP. Asymmetry in the structure of the ABC transporter-binding protein complex BtuCD-BtuF. Science. 2007 Sep;317(5843):1387–90.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zlokarnik M. Scale-Up in Chemical Engineering. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2006.

An edited book

Becchi CM. An Introduction to Relativistic Processes and the Standard Model of Electroweak Interactions. 2nd ed. 2014. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Seki Y. Current Indication. In: Choi SH, Kasama K, editors. Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014; pp 23–6.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Case Reports in Neurology.

Blog post

Davis J. Limb Regeneration Might Have Been The Original State For All Four-Legged Animals [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 Oct [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/limb-regeneration-might-have-been-original-state-all-four-legged-animals/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites: Acquisition Is Under Way, but Improvements Needed in Management and Oversight. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lieberman DS. “Stroke Your Thoroughbreds and Kick Your Donkeys”: Power and the Secondary Administrative Distribution of Teaching Assignments. 2017

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard B. With Driving Ban Ending, Saudis Wonder Which Rules Will Fall Next. New York Times. 2017 Sep;A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Case Reports in Neurology
Abbreviation	Case Rep. Neurol.
ISSN (online)	1662-680X
Scope	Clinical Neurology

Research and Writing Guides