How to format your references using the Citizen Science: Theory and Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Citizen Science: Theory and Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schreiner, P.R., 2010. Chemistry. Cooperativity tames reactive catalysts, Science (New York, N.Y.), 327(5968): 965–966.

A journal article with 2 authors

Müller, U.K. and Lentink, D., 2004. Physiology. Turning on a dime, Science (New York, N.Y.), 306(5703): 1899–1900.

A journal article with 3 authors

Paar, J., Oldroyd, B.P. and Kastberger, G., 2000. Giant honeybees return to their nest sites, Nature, 406(6795): 475.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Doiron, B., Chacron, M.J., Maler, L., Longtin, A. and Bastian, J., 2003. Inhibitory feedback required for network oscillatory responses to communication but not prey stimuli, Nature, 421(6922): 539–543.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chang, C.M., 2010. Service Systems Management and Engineering. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Krause, E., Shokin, Y., Resch, M., Kröner, D., and Shokina, N. (eds.), 2011. Computational Science and High Performance Computing IV: The 4th Russian-German Advanced Research Workshop, Freiburg, Germany, October 12 to 16, 2009. Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Theoharis, T., 2009. 3D Object Retrieval: Inter-Class vs. Intra-Class. In: Plemenos, D. and Miaoulis, G. (eds.) Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Computer Graphics. Studies in Computational Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 55–66.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Citizen Science: Theory and Practice.

Blog post

Andrew, D., 2016. Why Urban Myths About Education Are So Persistent – And How To Tackle Them. IFLScience, 12 September 2016. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/why-urban-myths-about-education-are-so-persistent-and-how-to-tackle-them/ [Last accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1995. National Airspace System: Assessment of FAA’s Efforts to Augment the Global Positioning System.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Faughn, C.E., 2014. Social and Physical Cognition in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ): Preliminary Investigation of Domain-General versus Domain-Specific Intelligence. Doctoral dissertation. Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baum, S., Conklin, K. and Johnson, N., 2013. Stop Penalizing Poor College Students. New York Times, 13 November, A31.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Schreiner 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Müller and Lentink 2004; Schreiner 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Müller and Lentink 2004)
Three authors: (Paar, Oldroyd and Kastberger 2000)
4 or more authors: (Doiron et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Citizen Science: Theory and Practice
Abbreviation	Citiz. Sci. Theory Pr.
ISSN (online)	2057-4991
Scope