How to format your references using the Citizen Science: Theory and Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Citizen Science: Theory and Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Liedl, T., 2015. Nanotechnology: Pathfinder for DNA constructs, Nature, 523(7561): 412–413.

A journal article with 2 authors

Felsenfeld, G. and Groudine, M., 2003. Controlling the double helix, Nature, 421(6921): 448–453.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kiger, A.A., White-Cooper, H. and Fuller, M.T., 2000. Somatic support cells restrict germline stem cell self-renewal and promote differentiation, Nature, 407(6805): 750–754.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Itkis, M.E., Borondics, F., Yu, A. and Haddon, R.C., 2006. Bolometric infrared photoresponse of suspended single-walled carbon nanotube films, Science (New York, N.Y.), 312(5772): 413–416.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zlokarnik, M., 2006. Scale-Up in Chemical Engineering. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Henein, M.Y., 2006. Ecocardiografia clinica. Sheppard, M., Pepper, J., and Rigby, M. (eds.). Milano: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Bourgain, J. and Voiculescu, D.-V., 2016. The Essential Centre of the mod a Diagonalization Ideal Commutant of an n-tuple of Commuting Hermitian Operators. In: Alpay, D., Cipriani, F., Colombo, F., Guido, D., Sabadini, I., and Sauvageot, J.-L. (eds.) Noncommutative Analysis, Operator Theory and Applications. Operator Theory: Advances and Applications. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 77–80.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Citizen Science: Theory and Practice.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2015. Scientists Watch As Wasps Diverge To Become Separate Species. IFLScience, 30 October 2015. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scientists-watch-wasps-diverge-become-separate-species/ [Last accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1991. Major ADP Systems: DOD Does Not Always Comply With Statutory Restriction on Obligations.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kolasa, A., 2014. Essays on Firm Behavior in Developing Countries. Doctoral dissertation. Washington, DC: George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sánchez, Y., 2014. Goliath Opens His Wallet. New York Times, 19 December, A35.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Liedl 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Felsenfeld and Groudine 2003; Liedl 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Felsenfeld and Groudine 2003)
Three authors: (Kiger, White-Cooper and Fuller 2000)
4 or more authors: (Itkis et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Citizen Science: Theory and Practice
Abbreviation	Citiz. Sci. Theory Pr.
ISSN (online)	2057-4991
Scope