How to format your references using the Chinese Nursing Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Chinese Nursing Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Watanabe M. Immunology goes global. Nature. 2005;435(7046):1282-1283.

A journal article with 2 authors

State MW, Šestan N. Neuroscience. The emerging biology of autism spectrum disorders. Science. 2012;337(6100):1301-1303.

A journal article with 3 authors

Carbotte SM, Small C, Donnelly K. The influence of ridge migration on the magmatic segmentation of mid-ocean ridges. Nature. 2004;429(6993):743-746.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Chen H, Du F, Chen G, et al. Template-directed chemical ligation to obtain 3’-3’ and 5’-5’ phosphodiester DNA linkages. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4595.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Calvello AA. Environmental Alpha. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

Holzbecher E, ed. Environmental Modeling: Using MATLAB®. Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Friederich M, Olerud J, Fasching A, Liss P, Hansell P, Palm F. Uncoupling Protein-2 in Diabetic Kidneys. In: Kang KA, Harrison DK, Bruley DF, eds. Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXIX. Advances In Experimental Medicine And Biology. Springer US; 2008:37-43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Chinese Nursing Research.

Blog post

Carpineti A. This Is Your Chance To Help Scientists Discover Planet 9. IFLScience. Published February 16, 2017. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/this-is-your-chance-to-help-scientists-discover-planet-9/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: Actions Needed to Address Challenges and Potential Vulnerabilities Related to Securing Inbound Air Cargo. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zurheide PK. Hydromorphology of Anomalous Bright Loamy Soils on the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain. Doctoral dissertation. University of Maryland, College Park; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Defense, Though Hard to Gauge, Gives Cubs a Clear Edge. New York Times. November 1, 2016:B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Chinese Nursing Research
Abbreviation	Chin. Nurs. Res.
ISSN (print)	2095-7718
Scope

Research and Writing Guides