How to format your references using the Chinese Nursing Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Chinese Nursing Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pierrehumbert RT. Warming the world. Nature. 2004;432(7018):677.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vafai SB, Mootha VK. Mitochondrial disorders as windows into an ancient organelle. Nature. 2012;491(7424):374-383.

A journal article with 3 authors

Galloway KE, Franco E, Smolke CD. Dynamically reshaping signaling networks to program cell fate via genetic controllers. Science. 2013;341(6152):1235005.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Lo B, Parham L, Cedars M, et al. Research ethics. NIH guidelines for stem cell research and gamete donors. Science. 2010;327(5968):962-963.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Assing D, Calé S. Mobile Access Safety. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Bradley RE. Cauchy’s Cours d’analyse: An Annotated Translation. (Sandifer CE, ed.). Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Boehm M, Habich D, Lehner W, Wloka U. Invisible Deployment of Integration Processes. In: Filipe J, Cordeiro J, eds. Enterprise Information Systems: 11th International Conference, ICEIS 2009, Milan, Italy, May 6-10, 2009. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Springer; 2009:53-65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Chinese Nursing Research.

Blog post

Hamilton K. Dog Sniffs Out Thyroid Cancer In Urine Samples. IFLScience. March 9, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/dog-sniffs-out-thyroid-cancer-urine-samples/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Disposable Glassware for Laboratory Work. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1970.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Deutsch D. Increased Mental Health Services for the Homeless. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

de la MERCED MJ, Abrams R. Abercrombie & Fitch in Talks to Sell Itself. New York Times. May 10, 2017:B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Chinese Nursing Research
Abbreviation	Chin. Nurs. Res.
ISSN (print)	2095-7718
Scope