How to format your references using the Chinese Nursing Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Chinese Nursing Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zahnle K. Planetary science. Play it again, SAM. Science. 2015;347(6220):370-371.

A journal article with 2 authors

Padhi A, Ma L. Genetic and epidemiological insights into the emergence of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) across Asia and Africa. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7040.

A journal article with 3 authors

Miake J, Marbán E, Nuss HB. Biological pacemaker created by gene transfer. Nature. 2002;419(6903):132-133.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Beaulac R, Schneider L, Archer PI, Bacher G, Gamelin DR. Light-induced spontaneous magnetization in doped colloidal quantum dots. Science. 2009;325(5943):973-976.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Simmons M, Dalgleish E. Corporate Actions. John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

Zuniga M, Dini G, eds. Sensor Systems and Software: 4th International ICST Conference, S-Cube 2013, Lucca, Italy, June 11-12, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Vol 122. Springer International Publishing; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Sindou M. Is There a Place for Microsurgical Vascular Decompression of the Brainstem for Apparent Essential Blood Hypertension? A Review. In: Schramm J, ed. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery: Volume 42. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery. Springer International Publishing; 2015:69-76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Chinese Nursing Research.

Blog post

Andrew E. Phasing Out Fossil Fuels For Renewables May Not Be A Straightforward Swap. IFLScience. Published May 2, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/phasing-out-fossil-fuels-renewables-may-not-be-straightforward-swap/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. [Comments on Senate’s Liability for Special Charges and Taxes Related to Telephone Service]. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Packer CD. School Referenda and Ohio Department of Education Typologies: An Investigation of the Outcomes of First Attempt School Operating Levies from 2002–2010. Doctoral dissertation. University of Cincinnati; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Benedict I. WELL ENOUGH AS IT IS. New York Times. May 6, 1899:STURDAY NEW YORK OF BOOKS AND ARTBR299.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Chinese Nursing Research
Abbreviation	Chin. Nurs. Res.
ISSN (print)	2095-7718
Scope