How to format your references using the CEN Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for CEN Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Moore P. Hot from the vent. Nature. 2005;435:235.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Pitaevskii L, Stringari S. Ultracold matter. The quest for superfluidity in Fermi gases. Science. 2002;298:2144–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Cao A, Romanowicz B, Takeuchi N. An observation of PKJKP: inferences on inner core shear properties. Science. 2005;308:1453–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Lee D, Kim D, Kim J, Moon J. Characterizing nano-scale electrocatalysis during partial oxidation of methane. Sci Rep. 2014;4:3937.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Sauter M. 3G, 4G and Beyond-Bringing Networks, Devices and the Web Together. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

1. Miller RL, Del Castillo CE, Mckee BA, editors. Remote Sensing of Coastal Aquatic Environments: Technologies, Techniques and Applications. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Varis O, Kummu M, Härkönen S, Huttunen JT. Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Reservoirs. In: Tortajada C, Altinbilek D, Biswas AK, editors. Impacts of Large Dams: A Global Assessment. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 69–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for CEN Case Reports.

Blog post

1. O`Callaghan J. Check Out This Stunning New View Of The Crab Nebula [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/check-out-this-stunning-new-view-of-the-crab-nebula/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Denver International Airport: Baggage Handling, Contracting, and Other Issues. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995 Aug. Report No.: RCED-95-241FS.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Keohane MF. Virtual team communication: Perceptions and experiences influencing the use of videoconferencing technology [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Lyman R, Walsh MW. Bankrupt City Fighting to Open a Crack in California’s Pension Agency. New York Times. 2014 Apr 21;A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	CEN Case Reports
Abbreviation	CEN Case Rep.
ISSN (online)	2192-4449
Scope