How to format your references using the Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Pharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Pharmacology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Godfray, H. C. J. (2002). Challenges for taxonomy. Nature 417, 17–19.

A journal article with 2 authors

Der, B. S., and Kuhlman, B. (2011). Biochemistry. From computational design to a protein that binds. Science 332, 801–802.

A journal article with 3 authors

Djuranovic, S., Nahvi, A., and Green, R. (2012). miRNA-mediated gene silencing by translational repression followed by mRNA deadenylation and decay. Science 336, 237–240.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Weisberg, J. M., Johnston, S., Koribalski, B., and Stanimirovic, S. (2005). Discovery of pulsed OH maser emission stimulated by a pulsar. Science 309, 106–110.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sugirtharajah, R. S. (2011). Exploring Postcolonial Biblical Criticism. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Erto, P. ed. (2009). Statistics for Innovation: Statistical Design of “Continuous” Product Innovation. Milano: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Tehranipoor, M., Guin, U., and Forte, D. (2015). “Physical Tests for Counterfeit Detection,” in Counterfeit Integrated Circuits: Detection and Avoidance, eds. U. Guin and D. Forte (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 75–93.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Pharmacology.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016). Artificial Intelligence Wins Almost $11,000 On Horse Bets. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1993). TQM Implementation at NASA. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kirk, C. (2017). Early Maladaptive Attachment Styles and Psychological Aggression in Romantic Relationships: A Content Analysis, 2006-2016.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S. (2008). Plane Crash in Central Asia Kills 68. New York Times, A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Godfray, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Godfray, 2002; Der and Kuhlman, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Der and Kuhlman, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Weisberg et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Pharmacology
Abbreviation	Front. Pharmacol.
ISSN (online)	1663-9812
Scope	Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology

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