How to format your references using the Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology (CMGH). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Savage N. Mobile data: Made to measure. Nature 2015;527:S12-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kazmierczak J, Kremer B. Palaeontology: thermal alteration of the Earth’s oldest fossils. Nature 2002;420:477–478.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tyler RH, Maus S, Lühr H. Satellite observations of magnetic fields due to ocean tidal flow. Science 2003;299:239–241.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Fogassi L, Ferrari PF, Gesierich B, Rozzi S, Chersi F, Rizzolatti G. Parietal lobe: from action organization to intention understanding. Science 2005;308:662–667.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Li W. Risk Assessment of Power Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2004.

An edited book

Okamoto T, Wang X (eds). Public Key Cryptography – PKC 2007: 10th International Conference on Practice and Theory in Public-Key Cryptography Beijing, China, April 16-20, 2007. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Tan CM, He F. Interconnect EM Reliability Modeling at Circuit Layout Level. In: He F (ed) Electromigration Modeling at Circuit Layout Level. Singapore: Springer. 2013; pp. 75–99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology.

Blog post

Andrew E. New Material Converts Sunlight to Steam. IFLScience Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/new-material-converts-sunlight-steam/. 2014. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Utilization of the United States Coast Guard High Endurance Cutter Fleet. B-114851. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. November 20, 1970.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stout J. The Effects of Discipline with African-American Males at an Alternative Middle School: The Perceptions of Parents/Guardians, Teachers, Administrators, and Other Academic Stakeholders. Doctoral Dissertation. Northcentral University. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rueb ES. Before Fire Under Tracks in East Harlem, a Business Took Root. New York Times, May 26, 2016, p. A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Abbreviation	Cell. Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol.
ISSN (print)	2352-345X
Scope