How to format your references using the Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Pegrum CM. Applied physics. Can a fraction of a quantum be better than a whole one? Science. 2006;312:1483–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Benedito R, Adams RH. Development. Aorta’s cardinal secret. Science. 2009;326:242–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Zhang J, Lu H, Huang L. Calciphytoliths (calcium oxalate crystals) analysis for the identification of decayed tea plants (Camellia sinensis L.). Sci Rep. 2014;4:6703.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Wu Y, Dong Q, Liu L, Han P, Wei Q. The impact of tumor location and multifocality on prognosis for patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6361.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Michael E, Gillian H, Stefan K, Alex L. Gramsci. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

1. Milone EF, Sterken C, editors. Astronomical Photometry: Past, Present, and Future. 1st ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Martínez MC, Armengot L, Marquès-Bueno MM. Regulation of Polar Auxin Transport by Protein Phosphorylation. In: Chen R, Baluška F, editors. Polar Auxin Transport. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. p. 81–101.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. How Much Energy Could We Generate By Burning All Our Poop? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/how-much-energy-could-we-generate-by-burning-all-our-poop/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Procedures and Policies of the Energy Research and Development Administration. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976 Dec. Report No.: B-187621.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Vento KA. The Effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation on the Subjective Well-Being of Collegiate Athletes [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Wagner J. Mets’ Hobbled Rotation Takes Another Big Hit Before a Loss to the Nationals. New York Times. 2016 Sep 3;D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy
Abbreviation	Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther.
ISSN (print)	0920-3206
ISSN (online)	1573-7241
Scope	General Medicine Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology

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