How to format your references using the Carbon Management citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Carbon Management. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sonnenburg JL. Microbiome engineering. Nature. 518(7540), S10 (2015).

A journal article with 2 authors

Mascie-Taylor CGN, Karim E. The burden of chronic disease. Science. 302(5652), 1921–1922 (2003).

A journal article with 3 authors

Fiser J, Chiu C, Weliky M. Small modulation of ongoing cortical dynamics by sensory input during natural vision. Nature. 431(7008), 573–578 (2004).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Tong L, Gattass RR, Ashcom JB, et al. Subwavelength-diameter silica wires for low-loss optical wave guiding. Nature. 426(6968), 816–819 (2003).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cyr KS. Microsoft® Exchange Server 2010 Administration. Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA.

An edited book

Mitchell RC, Moore SA, editors. Planetary Praxis & Pedagogy: Transdisciplinary Approaches to Environmental Sustainability. SensePublishers, Rotterdam.

A chapter in an edited book

Tryfonopoulos C, Idreos S, Koubarakis M, Raftopoulou P. Distributed Large-Scale Information Filtering. In: Transactions on Large-Scale Data- and Knowledge-Centered Systems XIII. Hameurlain A, Küng J, Wagner R (Eds.), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 91–122 (2014).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Carbon Management.

Blog post

Andrews R. China’s Gargantuan Smog Problem Linked To Melting Arctic Ice [Internet]. IFLScience (2017). Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/chinas-gargantuan-smog-problem-linked-to-melting-arctic-ice/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: DLA Needs to Strengthen Its Investment Management Capability. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Forshey TM. Neural basis of the neurological diagnostic power of vibrotactile sensory testing. (2013).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly DA. Weekender | Great Barrington, Mass. New York Times, F7 (2003).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Carbon Management
ISSN (print)	1758-3004
ISSN (online)	1758-3012
Scope	General Environmental Science