How to format your references using the Cancer Treatment Communications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cancer Treatment Communications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

T. Xie, Tunable polymer multi-shape memory effect, Nature 464 (2010) 267–270.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M.P. Nusbaum, M.P. Beenhakker, A small-systems approach to motor pattern generation, Nature 417 (2002) 343–350.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J.T. Wade, D.B. Hall, K. Struhl, The transcription factor Ifh1 is a key regulator of yeast ribosomal protein genes, Nature 432 (2004) 1054–1058.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P.L. Shaffer, A. Goehring, A. Shankaranarayanan, E. Gouaux, Structure and mechanism of a Na+-independent amino acid transporter, Science 325 (2009) 1010–1014.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

S. Fiorenzani, S. Ravelli, E. Edoli, The Handbook of Energy Trading, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, UK, 2012.

An edited book

[1]

E.D. Cristofaro, S.J. Murdoch, eds., Privacy Enhancing Technologies: 14th International Symposium, PETS 2014, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, July 16-18, 2014. Proceedings, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S. Alam, G. Dobbie, P. Riddle, Exploiting Swarm Behaviour of Simple Agents for Clustering Web Users’ Session Data, in: L. Cao (Ed.), Data Mining and Multi-Agent Integration, Springer US, Boston, MA, 2009: pp. 61–75.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cancer Treatment Communications.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Particle Physicists Spot Hints of Dark Matter, IFLScience (2014).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Aviation Safety: Better Management Controls are Needed to Improve FAA’s Safety Enforcement and Compliance Efforts, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

R.E. Myers, Moderating the effectiveness of messages to promote physical activity in type 2 diabetes, Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M.L. Philpott, Finding What I Need at the Mall, New York Times (2017) SR10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Cancer Treatment Communications
ISSN (print)	2213-0896
Scope