How to format your references using the Canadian Urological Association Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Urological Association Journal (CUAJ). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Montgomery SL. Newton in Japan. Nature;411:25.

A journal article with 2 authors

O’Neill JS, Reddy AB. Circadian clocks in human red blood cells. Nature;469:498–503.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nelson FE, Anisimov OA, Shiklomanov NI. Subsidence risk from thawing permafrost. Nature;410:889–90.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

White TD, Asfaw B, DeGusta D, et al. Pleistocene Homo sapiens from Middle Awash, Ethiopia. Nature;423:742–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lueder E. 3D Displays. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2011.

An edited book

Seherr-Thoss HC. Universal Joints and Driveshafts: Analysis, Design, Applications. 2nd edition. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Abascal J, Fernández de Castro I, Lafuente A, et al. Adaptive Interfaces for Supportive Ambient Intelligence Environments. In: Miesenberger K, Klaus J, Zagler W, et al., eds. Computers Helping People with Special Needs: 11th International Conference, ICCHP 2008, Linz, Austria, July 9-11, 2008. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008:30–7.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Urological Association Journal.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. This Company Wants To Grow Drones In Giant Vats Of Goo. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/this-company-wants-to-grow-drones-in-giant-vats-of-goo/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Attack Warning: Lack of System Architecture Contributes to Major Development Problems. IMTEC-92-52; Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; June 11, 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hammarsten C. Decorated Heegaard Diagrams and Combinatorial Heegaard Floer Homology. Doctoral Dissertation; George Washington University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker P, Shear MD. President Shifts Rationale For Firing F.B.I. Director, Calling Him a ‘Showboat.’ New York Times, May 11, 2017, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Urological Association Journal
ISSN (print)	1911-6470
ISSN (online)	1920-1214
Scope