How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Grossniklaus U. Plant science. Paternal patterning cue. Science. 2009 Mar 13;323(5920):1439–40.

A journal article with 2 authors

Slater AG, Cooper AI. Porous materials. Function-led design of new porous materials. Science. 2015 May 29;348(6238):aaa8075.

A journal article with 3 authors

Percec V, Ungar G, Peterca M. Chemistry. Self-assembly in action. Science. 2006 Jul 7;313(5783):55–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wu J, Zou R, Wang Q, Xue Y, Wei P, Yang S, et al. A peptide probe for the detection of neurokinin-1 receptor by disaggregation enhanced fluorescence and magnetic resonance signals. Sci Rep. 2014 Oct 1;4:6487.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dewe PJ, O’Driscoll MP, Cooper CL. Coping with Work Stress. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2010.

An edited book

Urbano F, Cagnacci F, editors. Spatial Database for GPS Wildlife Tracking Data: A Practical Guide to Creating a Data Management System with PostgreSQL/PostGIS and R. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. XXIII, 257 p. 47 illus., 32 illus. in color.

A chapter in an edited book

Dimick JB, Shih T, Ryan AM. Health Policy Research in Surgery. In: Dimick JB, Greenberg CC, editors. Success in Academic Surgery: Health Services Research. London: Springer; 2014. p. 37–45. (Success in Academic Surgery).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research.

Blog post

Andrew D. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Want To Be A Space Tour Guide? Apply Here… In 2025. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/want-to-be-a-space-tour-guide-apply-here-in-2025/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Follow up Review of Automatic Data Processing Activities Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1972 Nov. Report No.: B-162407(6).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Johnson A. Instructional Practices in Physical Education Programs for Students with Disabilities [Doctoral dissertation]. [Scottsdale, AZ]: Northcentral University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Belson K. Marathon Presses On as Backlash Builds. New York Times. 2012 Nov 1;B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research
ISSN (online)	0830-9000
Scope