How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kress, M. 2012. Modeling armed conflicts. Science 336(6083): 865–869.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hattori, M., and Gouaux, E. 2012. Molecular mechanism of ATP binding and ion channel activation in P2X receptors. Nature 485(7397): 207–212.

A journal article with 3 authors

Meeusen, S., McCaffery, J.M., and Nunnari, J. 2004. Mitochondrial fusion intermediates revealed in vitro. Science 305(5691): 1747–1752.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Thomas, B.J., Porritt, R.A., Hertzog, P.J., Bardin, P.G., and Tate, M.D. 2014. Glucocorticosteroids enhance replication of respiratory viruses: effect of adjuvant interferon. Sci. Rep. 4: 7176.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bernheim, M.L.C. 2008. Ciba Foundation Symposium 39 - Monoamine Oxidase and its Inhibition: Ciba/Monoamine. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Ishida, H., Tuttle, R., Pickford, M., Ogihara, N., and Nakatsukasa, M. (Editors). 2006. Human Origins and Environmental Backgrounds. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Djordjevic, I., Ryan, W., and Vasic, B. 2010. Graph-Based Codes. In Coding for Optical Channels. Edited by W. Ryan and B. Vasic. Springer US, Boston, MA. pp. 179–206.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Microbiology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015, June 26. Ancient Mini-Monster Head Mystery Solved – Here’s How We Did It. IFLScience. Available from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-mini-monster-head-mystery-solved-here-s-how-we-did-it/ [accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2006. Abstinence Education: Efforts to Assess the Accuracy and Effectiveness of Federally Funded Programs. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Beck, R.E. 2012. Examining the relationship between self-initiated expatriation and cross-cultural adjustment among expatriate spouses within nonprofit organizations: A quantitative causal-comparative study. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B. 2017, October 5. Paradise. New York Times: C7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kress 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Hattori and Gouaux 2012; Kress 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hattori and Gouaux 2012)
Three or more authors: (Thomas et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Microbiology
Abbreviation	Can. J. Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	1480-3275
ISSN (online)	0008-4166
Scope	Genetics Molecular Biology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Immunology Microbiology General Medicine