How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hoag, H. 2015. Molecular biology: Marked progress. Nature 527(7578): S114-5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Phipps, R.J., and Gaunt, M.J. 2009. A meta-selective copper-catalyzed C-H bond arylation. Science 323(5921): 1593–1597.

A journal article with 3 authors

Long, J.A., Trinajstic, K., and Johanson, Z. 2009. Devonian arthrodire embryos and the origin of internal fertilization in vertebrates. Nature 457(7233): 1124–1127.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Chapelle, F.H., O’Neill, K., Bradley, P.M., Methé, B.A., Ciufo, S.A., Knobel, L.L., and Lovley, D.R. 2002. A hydrogen-based subsurface microbial community dominated by methanogens. Nature 415(6869): 312–315.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

“MAX” Maxfield, C., and Brown, A. 2005. The Definitive Guide to How Computers Do Math. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Bösze, Z. (Editor). 2008. Bioactive Components of Milk. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Salomon, D., and Motta, G. 2010. Statistical Methods. In Handbook of Data Compression. Edited by G. Motta. Springer, London. pp. 211–327.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Microbiology.

Blog post

Fang, J. 2015, March 13. Teenage Pot Users Show Poor Long-Term Memory as Adults. IFLScience. Available from https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/teenage-pot-users-show-poor-long-term-memory-adults/ [accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1987. [Comments on Proposal To Add Subpart to FAR]. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nattress, D.A. 2013. Benefits of single-gender education: Perceptions of middle grade teachers. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Novick, S.M. 2016, July 24. Flavorful Encores From Jean-Georges. New York Times: LI5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hoag 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Phipps and Gaunt 2009; Hoag 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Phipps and Gaunt 2009)
Three or more authors: (Chapelle et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Microbiology
Abbreviation	Can. J. Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	1480-3275
ISSN (online)	0008-4166
Scope	Genetics Molecular Biology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Immunology Microbiology General Medicine