How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Buchanan, M. 2002. A game of chance. Nature 419(6909): 787.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pitnick, S., and Pfennig, D.W. 2014. Evolutionary biology: Brotherly love benefits females. Nature 505(7485): 626–627.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gaucher, E.A., Govindarajan, S., and Ganesh, O.K. 2008. Palaeotemperature trend for Precambrian life inferred from resurrected proteins. Nature 451(7179): 704–707.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lachke, S.A., Alkuraya, F.S., Kneeland, S.C., Ohn, T., Aboukhalil, A., Howell, G.R., Saadi, I., Cavallesco, R., Yue, Y., Tsai, A.C.-H., Nair, K.S., Cosma, M.I., Smith, R.S., Hodges, E., Alfadhli, S.M., Al-Hajeri, A., Shamseldin, H.E., Behbehani, A., Hannon, G.J., Bulyk, M.L., Drack, A.V., Anderson, P.J., John, S.W.M., and Maas, R.L. 2011. Mutations in the RNA granule component TDRD7 cause cataract and glaucoma. Science 331(6024): 1571–1576.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Peterson, R.L., and Murtha, F.F. 2010. MarketPsych. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Aebi, M., Gunzburg, R., and Szpalski, M. (Editors). 2005. The Aging Spine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Komatineni, S., and MacLean, D. 2012. Understanding Content Providers. In Pro Android 4. Edited by D. MacLean. Apress, Berkeley, CA. pp. 79–112.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.

Blog post

Fang, J. 2014, October 16. Does This Octopus Have Nine Arms? IFLScience. Available from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/does-octopus-have-nine-arms/ [accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1972. Drug Abuse Control Program Activities in the Philippines. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dominguez, Y.C. 2014. Recruitment, training, and support for foster parents of children birth to 4 years: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Robles, F., and Blinder, A. 2015, April 9. A Stark Image of a Shooting Carries Impact. New York Times: A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Buchanan 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Buchanan 2002; Pitnick and Pfennig 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pitnick and Pfennig 2014)
Three or more authors: (Lachke et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Abbreviation	Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0706-652X
ISSN (online)	1205-7533
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics