How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pereira, I.A.C. 2013. Microbiology. An enzymatic route to H2 storage. Science 342(6164): 1329–1330.

A journal article with 2 authors

Victor, D.G., and Leape, J.P. 2015. Global climate agreement: After the talks. Nature 527(7579): 439–441.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhao, Z.-F., Dai, L.-Q., and Zheng, Y.-F. 2013. Postcollisional mafic igneous rocks record crust-mantle interaction during continental deep subduction. Sci. Rep. 3: 3413.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Guan, N., Shin, H.-D., Chen, R.R., Li, J., Liu, L., Du, G., and Chen, J. 2014. Understanding of how Propionibacterium acidipropionici respond to propionic acid stress at the level of proteomics. Sci. Rep. 4: 6951.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zhao, G. 2017. Reuse and Recycling of Lithium-Ion Power Batteries. John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd, Singapore.

An edited book

Stanturf, J., Madsen, P., and Lamb, D. (Editors). 2012. A Goal-Oriented Approach to Forest Landscape Restoration. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Bosch, N., D’Mello, S., Baker, R., Ocumpaugh, J., and Shute, V. 2015. Temporal Generalizability of Face-Based Affect Detection in Noisy Classroom Environments. In Artificial Intelligence in Education: 17th International Conference, AIED 2015, Madrid, Spain, June 22-26, 2015. Proceedings. Edited by C. Conati, N. Heffernan, A. Mitrovic, and M.F. Verdejo. Springer International Publishing, Cham. pp. 44–53.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.

Blog post

Andrews, R. 2016, October 20. 48 New Volcanoes Have Been Found On Jupiter’s Moon Io. IFLScience. Available from https://www.iflscience.com/space/48-new-volcanoes-have-been-found-on-jupiters-moon-io/ [accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2000. National Institute of Standards and Technology: Carryover Balances for the Advanced Technology Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Creason, P.J. 2015. The assessment of student learning outcomes at a California community college: Insight from faculty in a single department. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel, B. 2017, February 3. Its Sports Fandom Evolving, Atlanta Chases Football Glory. New York Times: A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pereira 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Pereira 2013; Victor and Leape 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Victor and Leape 2015)
Three or more authors: (Guan et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Abbreviation	Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0706-652X
ISSN (online)	1205-7533
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics