How to format your references using the Burns Open citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Burns Open. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Harris A. What Spaceguard did. Nature 2008;453:1178–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Movassaghi M, Jacobsen EN. Chemistry. The simplest “enzyme.” Science 2002;298:1904–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Spracklen DV, Arnold SR, Taylor CM. Observations of increased tropical rainfall preceded by air passage over forests. Nature 2012;489:282–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Kuma A, Hatano M, Matsui M, Yamamoto A, Nakaya H, Yoshimori T, et al. The role of autophagy during the early neonatal starvation period. Nature 2004;432:1032–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Choudhry M. Fixed Income Securities and Derivatives Handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Pasetta V. Modeling Foundations of Economic Property Rights Theory: An Axiomatic Analysis of Economic Agreements. vol. 23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Iwata H, Shimada K. Sensory Properties of Cosmetics. In: Shimada K, editor. Formulas, Ingredients and Production of Cosmetics: Technology of Skin- and Hair-Care Products in Japan, Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2013, p. 103–10.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Burns Open.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Supernovae and Black Holes Clean Galaxies. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. USDA Restructuring: Refocus Info Share Program on Business Processes Rather Than Technology. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Bornheimer ME. The influence of leadership development programs on the community college leadership shortage: A case study. Doctoral dissertation. Northcentral University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Koblin J. Fox News Rivals See A Chance To Move In. New York Times 2017:B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Burns Open
ISSN (print)	2468-9122
Scope