How to format your references using the Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sharp T (2006) Neuroscience. A new molecule to brighten the mood. Science 311:45–46

A journal article with 2 authors

Pedraza JM, Paulsson J (2008) Effects of molecular memory and bursting on fluctuations in gene expression. Science 319:339–343

A journal article with 3 authors

Saeed Y, Singh N, Schwingenschlögl U (2014) Superior thermoelectric response in the 3R phases of hydrated NaxRhO2. Sci Rep 4:4390

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Huang W, Thomas B, Flynn RA, et al (2018) Retraction Note: DDX5 and its associated lncRNA Rmrp modulate TH17 cell effector functions. Nature 562:150

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Monks RAG, Reed Lajoux A, LeBaron D (2010) Corporate Valuation for Portfolio Investment. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Král P, Matoušek V (eds) (2015) Text, Speech, and Dialogue: 18th International Conference, TSD 2015, Pilsen,Czech Republic, September 14-17, 2015, Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Gjedde A, Bauer WR, Wong DF (2011) Blood–Brain Transfer and Metabolism of Oxygen. In: Bauer WR, Wong DF (eds) Neurokinetics: The Dynamics of Neurobiology in Vivo. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 153–176

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) ‘Ambulance Drone’ Could Drastically Increase Heart Attack Survival. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/ambulance-drone-could-drastically-increase-heart-attack-survival/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2012) Crop Insurance: Savings Would Result from Program Changes and Greater Use of Data Mining. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chung Y-K (2010) A comparison of particle swarm optimization algorithms in data clustering. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S (2007) Parole Unlikely for Russian Oil Executive Jailed in Siberia. New York Times A4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sharp 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Sharp 2006; Pedraza and Paulsson 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pedraza and Paulsson 2008)
Three or more authors: (Huang et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Abbreviation	Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	0007-4861
ISSN (online)	1432-0800
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution General Medicine Toxicology