How to format your references using the Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stankiewicz BA (2003) Integration of geoscience and engineering in the oil industry - just a dream? Nature 426:360–363

A journal article with 2 authors

Lane N, Martin W (2010) The energetics of genome complexity. Nature 467:929–934

A journal article with 3 authors

Reimand J, Wagih O, Bader GD (2013) The mutational landscape of phosphorylation signaling in cancer. Sci Rep 3:2651

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Swaddle TW, Rosenqvist J, Yu P, et al (2005) Kinetic evidence for five-coordination in AlOH(aq)2+ ion. Science 308:1450–1453

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mubarak S (2010) Construction Project Scheduling and Control. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Cartier P, Illusie L, Katz NM, et al (eds) (2007) The Grothendieck Festschrift: A Collection of Articles Written in Honor of the 60th Birthday of Alexander Grothendieck. Birkhäuser, Boston, MA

A chapter in an edited book

Gong Z, Lin Y, Yao T (2013) Complementary Preference Relations of Triangular Fuzzy Numbers. In: Lin Y, Yao T (eds) Uncertain Fuzzy Preference Relations and Their Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 45–74

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.

Blog post

Taub B (2016) Flesh-Eating Parasite Returns To The US, Half A Century After Being Eradicated. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/flesh-eating-parasite-returns-us-half-century-after-being-eradicated/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1979) Better Cash Management Can Reduce the Cost of the National Direct Student Loan Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wang N (2015) Computational Studies on Biomolecular Diffusion and Electrostatics. Doctoral dissertation, University of California San Diego

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin J, Wingfield N (2017) Amazon Suspends Executive Accused of Sex Harassment. New York Times B6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stankiewicz 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Stankiewicz 2003; Lane and Martin 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lane and Martin 2010)
Three or more authors: (Swaddle et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Abbreviation	Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	0007-4861
ISSN (online)	1432-0800
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution General Medicine Toxicology