How to format your references using the British Journal of Anaesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for British Journal of Anaesthesia (BJA). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Collins D. Misadventures in the Burgess Shale. Nature 2009; 460: 952–3

A journal article with 2 authors

Orme CM, Bogan JS. Cell biology. Sorting out diabetes. Science 2009; 324: 1155–6

A journal article with 3 authors

Ben-David O, Cohen G, Fineberg J. The dynamics of the onset of frictional slip. Science 2010; 330: 211–4

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Bird AW, Yu DY, Pray-Grant MG, et al. Acetylation of histone H4 by Esa1 is required for DNA double-strand break repair. Nature 2002; 419: 411–5

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rémond Y, Ahzi S, Baniassadi M, Garmestani H. Applied RVE Reconstruction and Homogenization of Heterogeneous Materials. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

Toyota N. Low-Dimensional Molecular Metals. Müller J, Lang M, editors. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Xie R, Gamble R, Ahmed N. Diagnosing Vulnerability Patterns in Cloud Audit Logs. In: Han KJ, Choi B-Y, Song S, editors. High Performance Cloud Auditing and Applications New York, NY: Springer; 2014. p. 119–46

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for British Journal of Anaesthesia.

Blog post

Andrew E. MAVEN and Mangalyaan Send Back First Snaps Of Mars [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/maven-and-mangalyaan-send-back-first-snaps-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Intercity Passenger Rail: Potential Financial Issues in the Event That Amtrak Undergoes Liquidation. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2002 Sep Report No.: GAO-02-871.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Driskill KM. A qualitative study of teacher understanding and use of differentiated instruction to promote reading achievement [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. The Way Forward: Recalling Forest Hills. New York Times 2012; F7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^{1, 2}.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	British Journal of Anaesthesia
Abbreviation	Br. J. Anaesth.
ISSN (print)	0007-0912
ISSN (online)	1471-6771
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine