How to format your references using the British Journal of Anaesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for British Journal of Anaesthesia (BJA). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smith K. Treatment frontiers. Nature 2010; 466: S15-8

A journal article with 2 authors

Ofek G, Diskin R. HIV. Expanding the breadth of an HIV-1 vaccine. Science 2014; 346: 1290–1

A journal article with 3 authors

Falkovich G, Fouxon A, Stepanov MG. Acceleration of rain initiation by cloud turbulence. Nature 2002; 419: 151–4

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kim PM, Lu LJ, Xia Y, Gerstein MB. Relating three-dimensional structures to protein networks provides evolutionary insights. Science 2006; 314: 1938–41

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hamad WY. Cellulose Nanocrystals. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

Delgado A, editor. Technoscience and Citizenship: Ethics and Governance in the Digital Society. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Leikin R. Challenging Mathematics with Multiple Solution Tasks and Mathematical Investigations in Geometry. In: Li Y, Silver EA, Li S, editors. Transforming Mathematics Instruction: Multiple Approaches and Practices Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 59–80

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for British Journal of Anaesthesia.

Blog post

Carpineti A. This Lake In Venezuela Is The World’s 'Lightning Capital” [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/lake-maracaibo-worlds-lightning-capital/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Distance Education: More Data Could Improve Education’s Ability to Track Technology at Minority Serving Institutions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003 Sep Report No.: GAO-03-900.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Alajmi H. Pre-Islamic Poetry and Speech Act Theory: Al-A`shá, Bishr ibn Abī Khāzim, and al-Hujayjah [Doctoral dissertation]. [Bloomington, IN]: Indiana University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S. Friends and Family Run for 9/11 Victims. New York Times 2002; D6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^{1, 2}.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	British Journal of Anaesthesia
Abbreviation	Br. J. Anaesth.
ISSN (print)	0007-0912
ISSN (online)	1471-6771
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine