How to format your references using the Brain and Cognition citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Brain and Cognition. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Angell, C. A. (2008). Insights into phases of liquid water from study of its unusual glass-forming properties. Science (New York, N.Y.), 319(5863), 582–587.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vogt, N., & Desplan, C. (2010). Developmental biology. Flipping the light switch. Science (New York, N.Y.), 330(6003), 454–455.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang, J., Goldstein, J. I., & Scott, E. R. D. (2007). Iron meteorite evidence for early formation and catastrophic disruption of protoplanets. Nature, 446(7138), 888–891.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Thiele, A., Henning, P., Kubischik, M., & Hoffmann, K.-P. (2002). Neural mechanisms of saccadic suppression. Science (New York, N.Y.), 295(5564), 2460–2462.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Naini, F. B. (2011). Facial Aesthetics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

White, J., & Smythe, G. (Eds.). (2016). Growth Factors and Cytokines in Skeletal Muscle Development, Growth, Regeneration and Disease (1st ed. 2016, Vol. 900). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Wilkinson, D. G. (2016). Practical Pharmacology of Memantine. In K. L. Davis, R. Blesa Gonzalez, & D. G. Wilkinson (Eds.), Practical Pharmacology for Alzheimer’s Disease (pp. 105–117). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Brain and Cognition.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, April 9). Dear parents, you are being lied to. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/dear-parents-you-are-being-lied/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1993). Digests of Decisions of the Comptroller General of the United States, Vol. IV, No. 6 (149845). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Liggins, J. (2012). Self-concept education as a motivator of life effectiveness [Doctoral dissertation]. Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2000, December 10). What Rhymes With Asbestos? An Urban Musical in Three Acts. New York Times, 148.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Angell, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Angell, 2008; Vogt & Desplan, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vogt & Desplan, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Thiele et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Brain and Cognition
Abbreviation	Brain Cogn.
ISSN (print)	0278-2626
Scope	Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Cognitive Neuroscience Developmental and Educational Psychology Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology