How to format your references using the Brachytherapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Brachytherapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Miyashita Y. Cognitive memory: cellular and network machineries and their top-down control. Science 2004;306:435–440.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Palmer TN, Räisänen J. Quantifying the risk of extreme seasonal precipitation events in a changing climate. Nature 2002;415:512–514.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Zhang C, Yang Y-P, Duan Y-W. Pollen sensitivity to ultraviolet-B (UV-B) suggests floral structure evolution in alpine plants. Sci Rep 2014;4:4520.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Zhang J, Baker ML, Schröder GF, et al. Mechanism of folding chamber closure in a group II chaperonin. Nature 2010;463:379–383.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Lacalle D. Life in the Financial Markets. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Sawaguchi T, editor. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: From Pathophysiological Prospects. Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Ebbinghaus H-D. Freiburg 1921–1953. In: Peckhaus V, editor. Ernst Zermelo: An Approach to His Life and Work. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2015. p. 147–272.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Brachytherapy.

Blog post

[1]

Carpineti C. Outstanding Drone Footage Captures Blue Whales Feeding. IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/outstanding-drone-footage-captures-blue-whales-feeding/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. National Airspace System: Observations on the Wide Area Augmentation System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Norton S. The effects of leadership-efficacy and personality on reactions to stress. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Greenberg J. The Long, Long Road to Building ‘Fences.’ New York Times. December 23, 2016:AR8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Brachytherapy
Abbreviation	Brachytherapy
ISSN (print)	1538-4721
ISSN (online)	1873-1449
Scope	Oncology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging