How to format your references using the Boreal Environment Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Boreal Environment Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lea D.W. 2014. Oceans. Not so permanent El Niño. Science (New York, N.Y.) 344: 52–53.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sunami A. & Kurokawa K. 2009. Recession Watch: No time for nationalism. Nature 457: 960–961.

A journal article with 3 authors

Draghici C., Wang T. & Spiegel D.A. 2015. Concise total synthesis of glucosepane. Science (New York, N.Y.) 350: 294–298.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Mansy S.S., Schrum J.P., Krishnamurthy M., Tobé S., Treco D.A. & Szostak J.W. 2008. Template-directed synthesis of a genetic polymer in a model protocell. Nature 454: 122–125.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lad B.K., Shrivastava D. & Kulkarni M.S. 2016. Machine Tool Reliability. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Siclari D. (ed.). 2016. The New Anti-Money Laundering Law: First Perspectives on the 4th European Union Directive. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Banichuk N., Jeronen J., Neittaanmäki P., Saksa T. & Tuovinen T. 2014. Non-Homogeneous Tension Profile. In: Jeronen J., Neittaanmäki P., Saksa T. & Tuovinen T. (eds.), Mechanics of Moving Materials, Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 69–88.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Boreal Environment Research.

Blog post

Andrew E. 2015. Researchers Image What They Believe To Be Smallest Life Possible. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2015. Drug-Impaired Driving: Additional Support Needed for Public Awareness Initiatives. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pelser C.R. 2010. Interpretation of Aaron Copland’s Duo for Flute and Piano.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Detrick B. 2017. The Lot Radio. New York Times: D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lea 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Sunami and Kurokawa 2009; Lea 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sunami and Kurokawa 2009)
Three or more authors: (Mansy et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Boreal Environment Research
ISSN (print)	1239-6095
ISSN (online)	1797-2469
Scope