How to format your references using the BMC Genomics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BMC Genomics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Nakano A. Cell biology: Polarized transport in the Golgi apparatus. Nature. 2015;521:427–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Hachet O, Ephrussi A. Splicing of oskar RNA in the nucleus is coupled to its cytoplasmic localization. Nature. 2004;428:959–63.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Peiris JSM, Poon LLM, Guan Y. Public health. Surveillance of animal influenza for pandemic preparedness. Science. 2012;335:1173–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Ou G, Blacque OE, Snow JJ, Leroux MR, Scholey JM. Functional coordination of intraflagellar transport motors. Nature. 2005;436:583–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Saccone C, Pesole G. Handbook of Comparative Genomics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

1. Tymieniecka A-T, editor. Phenomenology and Existentialism in the Twentieth Century: Book One New Waves of Philosophical Inspirations. 1st edition. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Welfens PJJ, Perret JK, Irawan T, Yushkova E. New Indicator Concept. In: Perret JK, Irawan T, Yushkova E, editors. Towards Global Sustainability: Issues, New Indicators and Economic Policy. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 47–55.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BMC Genomics.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Climate Change Is Screwing With The Diet Of Yellowstone’s Grizzly Bears. IFLScience. 2017. Accessed 30 Oct 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Rural Development: Steps Towards Realizing the Potential of Telecommunications Technologies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Fino M. Fruit and vegetable intake and exercise practices of college students of color. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Williams J, Kovaleski SF. Actor’s Past Surfaces in Prosecutors’ Investigation of Penn State. New York Times. 2016;:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BMC Genomics
Abbreviation	BMC Genomics
ISSN (online)	1471-2164
Scope	Biotechnology Genetics

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