How to format your references using the BMC Endocrine Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BMC Endocrine Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. May R. Risk and uncertainty. Nature. 2001;411:891.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Tosatti E, Prestipino S. MATERIALS SCIENCE: Weird Gold Nanowires. Science. 2000;289:561–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Prokopenko AA, Karabanov EB, Williams DF. Age of long sediment cores from Lake Baikal. Nature. 2002;415:976.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Amaral Zettler LA, Gómez F, Zettler E, Keenan BG, Amils R, Sogin ML. Microbiology: eukaryotic diversity in Spain’s River of Fire. Nature. 2002;417:137.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Baker HK, English P. Capital Budgeting Valuation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. Lo J-J, Leatham KR, Van Zoest LR, editors. Research Trends in Mathematics Teacher Education. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Dillmann WH. Mechanism of Action of Thyroid Hormone on the Cardiac Vascular System. In: Iervasi G, Pingitore A, editors. Thyroid and Heart Failure: From Pathophysiology to Clinics. Milano: Springer; 2009. p. 45–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BMC Endocrine Disorders.

Blog post

1. Carpineti A. New Test Shows Event Horizons Are Still More Likely Than Any Alternatives. IFLScience. 2017. Accessed 30 Oct 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Air Traffic Control: FAA’s Implementation of Modernization Projects in the Field. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Rieger K. Phenomenological Exploration of the Characteristics of Successful Women Entrepreneurs. Doctoral dissertation. Northcentral University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Pilon M. Olympic Spot Conceded Without Runoff. New York Times. 2012;:B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BMC Endocrine Disorders
Abbreviation	BMC Endocr. Disord.
ISSN (online)	1472-6823
Scope	General Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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