How to format your references using the BMC Endocrine Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BMC Endocrine Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Blomgren GE. Electrochemistry. Making a potential difference. Nature. 2000;407:681–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Emery NJ, Clayton NS. Effects of experience and social context on prospective caching strategies by scrub jays. Nature. 2001;414:443–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Briggman KL, Helmstaedter M, Denk W. Wiring specificity in the direction-selectivity circuit of the retina. Nature. 2011;471:183–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Miller AD, Bezel I, Gaffney KJ, Garrett-Roe S, Liu SH, Szymanski P, et al. Electron solvation in two dimensions. Science. 2002;297:1163–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Ocic O. Oil Refineries in the 21st Century. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2004.

An edited book

1. Morava E, Baumgartner M, Patterson M, Rahman S, Zschocke J, Peters V, editors. JIMD Reports, Volume 29. 1st ed. 2016. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Castelo-Branco G, Emmanuel-Costa D. Flavour Physics and CP Violation in the Standard Model and Beyond. In: Merino C, editor. Lectures on Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology: Proceedings of the Third IDPASC School, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, January 21 -- February 2, 2013. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 145–86.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BMC Endocrine Disorders.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. 3D Printed Shark Skin Shows The Power Of Microscopic “Teeth.” IFLScience. 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/3d-printed-shark-skin-shows-power-microscopic-teeth/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Transportation Issue Area: Active Assignments. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Zaegel BM. An Evaluation of the School-wide Positive Behavior Intervention and Support Check In/Check Out Behavior Education Program. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Marx L. Christina Matthews, Benjamin Macfarland III. New York Times. 2009;:ST11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BMC Endocrine Disorders
Abbreviation	BMC Endocr. Disord.
ISSN (online)	1472-6823
Scope	General Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism