How to format your references using the BIT Numerical Mathematics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BIT Numerical Mathematics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Patel, A.D.: Science & music: talk of the tone. Nature. 453, 726–727 (2008)

A journal article with 2 authors

Mittermaier, A., Kay, L.E.: New tools provide new insights in NMR studies of protein dynamics. Science. 312, 224–228 (2006)

A journal article with 3 authors

Saika-Voivod, I., Poole, P.H., Sciortino, F.: Fragile-to-strong transition and polyamorphism in the energy landscape of liquid silica. Nature. 412, 514–517 (2001)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wang, W., Du, M., Gu, D., Zhu, L., Chu, H., Tong, N., Zhang, Z., Xu, Z., Wang, M.: MDM2 SNP309 polymorphism is associated with colorectal cancer risk. Sci. Rep. 4, 4851 (2014)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wootton, R.J., Smith, C.: Reproductive Biology of Teleost Fishes. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK (2014)

An edited book

Croci, E. ed: The Handbook of Environmental Voluntary Agreements: Design, Implementation and Evaluation Issues. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht (2005)

A chapter in an edited book

Schlich, B., Noll, T., Brauer, J., Brutschy, L.: Reduction of Interrupt Handler Executions for Model Checking Embedded Software. In: Namjoshi, K., Zeller, A., and Ziv, A. (eds.) Hardware and Software: Verification and Testing: 5th International Haifa Verification Conference, HVC 2009, Haifa, Israel, October 19-22, 2009, Revised Selected Papers. pp. 5–20. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2011)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BIT Numerical Mathematics.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Brain Abnormalities Discovered in Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, https://www.iflscience.com/brain/brain-abnormalities-discovered-patients-chronic-fatigue-syndrome/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Core Competencies in Financial Management for Information Technology Personnel Implementing Financial Systems in the Federal Government. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1998)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kent, L.: Justification-Suppression of Gender and Race Bias in Hiring: The Impact of Accountability, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Leland, J.: The Fighter and the Fight, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BIT Numerical Mathematics
Abbreviation	BIT
ISSN (print)	0006-3835
ISSN (online)	1572-9125
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Software Applied Mathematics Computational Mathematics Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design