How to format your references using the Biotropica citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biotropica. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bignami, G. F. 2000. The microscope’s coat of arms...or, the sting of the bee and the moons of Jupiter. Nature 405: 999.

A journal article with 2 authors

VijayRaghavan, K., and M. Bate. 2010. Retrospective. Veronica Rodrigues (1953-2010). Science 330: 1493.

A journal article with 3 authors

Basch, M. L., M. Bronner-Fraser, and M. I. García-Castro. 2006. Specification of the neural crest occurs during gastrulation and requires Pax7. Nature 441: 218–222.

A journal article with 20 or more authors

Moore, G. F., N. L. Bangs, A. Taira, S. Kuramoto, E. Pangborn, and H. J. Tobin. 2007. Three-dimensional splay fault geometry and implications for tsunami generation. Science 318: 1128–1131.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Möller, G. 2012. Geotechnik. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Wolter, K. ed. 2007. Formal Methods and Stochastic Models for Performance Evaluation: Fourth European Performance Engineering Workshop, EPEW 2007, Berlin, Germany, September 27-28, 2007. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Burigana, C., S. Capozziello, C. Chiosi, M. D’Onofrio, M. Longair, P. Mannheim, P. Marziani, M. Milgrom, K. Olive, T. Padmanabhan, J. Peacock, F. Perrotta, L. Pigatto, R. Rebolo, L. Secco, J. W. Sulentic, G. t’Hooft, and S. D. M. White. 2009. From Galileo to Modern Cosmology: Alternative Paradigms and Science Boundary Conditions. In M. D’Onofrio and C. Burigana (Eds.) Questions of Modern Cosmology: Galileo’s Legacy. pp. 301–428, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biotropica.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. 2017. There Are Two Trillion Galaxies In The Visible Universe. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/there-are-two-trillion-galaxies-in-the-visible-universe/ [Accessed October 30, 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2000. Transit Grants: Need for Improved Predictability, Data, and Monitoring in Application Processing. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Christiansen, D. A. 2012. Investigation of magnetic proximity effect in ferromagnet/superconductor thin films by low temperature Magneto Optical Kerr Effect measurement. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L. 2015. The Supreme Court and the Politics of Fear. New York Times SR6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bignami 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Bignami 2000, VijayRaghavan & Bate 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (VijayRaghavan & Bate 2010)
Three or more authors: (Moore et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biotropica
Abbreviation	Biotropica
ISSN (print)	0006-3606
ISSN (online)	1744-7429
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics