How to format your references using the Biotechnology Progress citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biotechnology Progress. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sukhdev P. Costing the earth. Nature. 2009;462(7271):277.

A journal article with 2 authors

Elmquist JK, Flier JS. Neuroscience. The fat-brain axis enters a new dimension. Science. 2004;304(5667):63-64.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mitrovica JX, Gomez N, Clark PU. The sea-level fingerprint of West Antarctic collapse. Science. 2009;323(5915):753.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Gavriil FP, Gonzalez ME, Gotthelf EV, Kaspi VM, Livingstone MA, Woods PM. Magnetar-like emission from the young pulsar in Kes 75. Science. 2008;319(5871):1802-1805.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Burk F. Lebesgue Measure and Integration. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1997.

An edited book

Cowan A, Yosipovitch G, eds. Pharmacology of Itch. Vol 226. Springer; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Piccioni M, Chen Z, Tsun A, Li B. Regulatory T-Cell Differentiation and Their Function in Immune Regulation. In: Sun B, ed. T Helper Cell Differentiation and Their Function. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer Netherlands; 2014:67-97.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biotechnology Progress.

Blog post

Andrew E. Visualization Of Recent Asteroid Impacts With Earth. IFLScience. April 23, 2014. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/visualization-recent-asteroid-impacts-earth/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. The Cost Of Aerospace Ground Equipment Could Be Reduced. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1974.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Faye C. Dust. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. Justices Ready to Answer Detainee Rights Question. New York Times. December 6, 2007:A32.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Biotechnology Progress
Abbreviation	Biotechnol. Prog.
ISSN (print)	8756-7938
ISSN (online)	1520-6033
Scope	Biotechnology