How to format your references using the Biomedical Signal Processing and Control citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. Goode, Viticulture: Fruity with a hint of drought, Nature. 492 (2012) 351–353.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

S. Kwok, Y. Zhang, Mixed aromatic-aliphatic organic nanoparticles as carriers of unidentified infrared emission features, Nature. 479 (2011) 80–83.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Tahir, A. MacKinnon, U. Schwingenschlögl, Novel spectral features of nanoelectromechanical systems, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 4035.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P.P. Hsu, S.A. Kang, J. Rameseder, Y. Zhang, K.A. Ottina, D. Lim, T.R. Peterson, Y. Choi, N.S. Gray, M.B. Yaffe, J.A. Marto, D.M. Sabatini, The mTOR-regulated phosphoproteome reveals a mechanism of mTORC1-mediated inhibition of growth factor signaling, Science. 332 (2011) 1317–1322.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

T.K. Sarkar, M. Salazar-Palma, E.L. Mokole, Physics of Multiantenna Systems and Broadband Processing, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2007.

An edited book

[1]

P.V. Giannoudis, ed., Practical Procedures in Elective Orthopaedic Surgery: Pelvis and Lower Extremity, Springer, London, 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

D.M. Gabbay, K. Schlechta, Monotone and Antitone Semantic and Syntactic Interpolation, in: K. Schlechta (Ed.), Conditionals and Modularity in General Logics, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011: pp. 113–151.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomedical Signal Processing and Control.

Blog post

[1]

J. Davis, Researchers Create A Computer That Works Using Water, IFLScience. (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/technology/researchers-make-computer-works-using-water/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Use of Federal Employees as Personal Aides to Federal Officials in Selected Departments and Agencies, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1982.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

M.D. Frederiksen, Engaging physicians to support corporate compliance programs: A grounded theory study, Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M.J. de la MERCED, C. Kang, TV Station Owners Rush to Seize on Looser Rules, New York Times. (2017) B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomedical Signal Processing and Control
Abbreviation	Biomed. Signal Process. Control
ISSN (print)	1746-8094
Scope	Signal Processing Health Informatics