How to format your references using the Biomedical Materials citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomedical Materials. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Williams R 2011 Biomarkers: warning signs Nature 475 S5-7

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Whittall J B and Hodges S A 2007 Pollinator shifts drive increasingly long nectar spurs in columbine flowers Nature 447 706–9

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Conaway R C, Brower C S and Conaway J W 2002 Emerging roles of ubiquitin in transcription regulation Science 296 1254–8

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Alard O, Luguet A, Pearson N J, Griffin W L, Lorand J-P, Gannoun A, Burton K W and O’Reilly S Y 2005 In situ Os isotopes in abyssal peridotites bridge the isotopic gap between MORBs and their source mantle Nature 436 1005–8

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

New T R 2012 Hymenoptera and Conservation (Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd)

An edited book

[1]

Sanfeliu A and Cortés M L 2005 Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis and Applications: 10th Iberoamerican Congress on Pattern Recognition, CIARP 2005, Havana, Cuba, November 15-18, 2005. Proceedings vol 3773 (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer)

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Teglio A, Raberto M and Cincotti S 2011 Do Capital Requirements Affect Long-Run Output Trends? Emergent Results of Artificial Economics Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems ed S Osinga, G J Hofstede and T Verwaart (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer) pp 41–52

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomedical Materials.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E 2015 Droplet Levitates On Electric Blue Plasma IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office 2013 NASA: Assessments of Selected Large-Scale Projects (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Newsom S M 2012 Love and Creativity: A Shared Dynamic Doctoral dissertation (Carpinteria, CA: Pacifica Graduate Institute)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kenigsberg B 2017 Film Series New York Times C31

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomedical Materials
Abbreviation	Biomed. Mater.
ISSN (print)	1748-6041
ISSN (online)	1748-605X
Scope	Bioengineering Biomedical Engineering Biomaterials