How to format your references using the Biomedical Materials citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomedical Materials. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Butler D 2003 Quake triggers research expedition Nature 423 673

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Boal A K and Rosenzweig A C 2012 Biochemistry. A radical route for nitrogenase carbide insertion Science 337 1617–8

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Chung K, Lee C-H and Yi G-C 2010 Transferable GaN layers grown on ZnO-coated graphene layers for optoelectronic devices Science 330 655–7

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Abaci H E, Shen Y-I, Tan S and Gerecht S 2014 Recapitulating physiological and pathological shear stress and oxygen to model vasculature in health and disease Sci. Rep. 4 4951

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Pease G 2015 Optimize Your Greatest Asset-Your People (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc)

An edited book

[1]

Stanley W 2009 Software Verification and Analysis: An Integrated, Hands-On Approach ed J Laski (London: Springer)

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Yu M-H and Li J-C 2012 Non-Smooth Multi-Surface Plasticity Computational Plasticity: With Emphasis on the Application of the Unified Strength Theory Advanced Topics in Science and Technology in China ed J-C Li (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer) pp 129–61

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomedical Materials.

Blog post

[1]

Andrews R 2017 Australian Trees And Termite Mounds Hint At Hidden Gold Caches IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office 2002 NASA Management Challenges: Human Capital and Other Critical Areas Need to be Addressed (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Rogers R 2017 What Qualities Make an Effective Teacher Labor Union Leader? Doctoral dissertation (Malibu, CA: Pepperdine University)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kishkovsky S 1991 Spending Your Dollars in Europe: Soviet Union; Prices Are Wildly Irrational, but There Is Room to Maneuver New York Times 526

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomedical Materials
Abbreviation	Biomed. Mater.
ISSN (print)	1748-6041
ISSN (online)	1748-605X
Scope	Bioengineering Biomedical Engineering Biomaterials

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