How to format your references using the Biomaterials Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomaterials Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Falkowski P. Ocean Science: The power of plankton. Nature. 2012;483:S17-20.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Morrison SJ, Kimble J. Asymmetric and symmetric stem-cell divisions in development and cancer. Nature. 2006;441:1068–74.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Gilbert IR, Jarvis PG, Smith H. Proximity signal and shade avoidance differences between early and late successional trees. Nature. 2001;411:792–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Sudou H, Iguchi S, Murata Y, Taniguchi Y. Orbital motion in the radio galaxy 3C 66B: evidence for a supermassive black hole binary. Science. 2003;300:1263–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Pétrowski A, Ben-Hamida S. Evolutionary Algorithms. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

1. Akhgar B, Bayerl PS, Sampson F, editors. Open Source Intelligence Investigation: From Strategy to Implementation. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Bussmann J, Schmidt T, Bauer A. Proactive Event Management in the Supply Chain of Aircraft Spare Parts. In: Ijioui R, Emmerich H, Ceyp M, editors. Strategies and Tactics in Supply Chain Event Management. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 65–82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomaterials Research.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. Scientists Have Successfully Drilled Into The Dinosaur-Killing Impact Crater [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/hidden-core-dinosaur-killing-impact-crater-successfully-breached-scientific-expedition/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Difficulties of the Neighborhood Youth Corps In-School Program and Its Management Problems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973 Feb. Report No.: B-130515.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Truong T. Microfluidics-based system for high-throughput analysis of nitrite in harbor water [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Walsh MW. Major Changes in Rhode Island Pension Overhaul. New York Times. 2015 Sep 26;B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomaterials Research
Abbreviation	Biomater. Res.
ISSN (online)	2055-7124
Scope