How to format your references using the Biomaterials Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomaterials Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Lieberman PM. Virology. Epstein-Barr virus turns 50. Science. 2014;343:1323–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Jacobson MZ, Masters GM. Energy. Exploiting wind versus coal. Science. 2001;293:1438.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Pompilio L, Kacelnik A, Behmer ST. State-dependent learned valuation drives choice in an invertebrate. Science. 2006;311:1613–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Heckenberger MJ, Russell JC, Fausto C, Toney JR, Schmidt MJ, Pereira E, et al. Pre-Columbian urbanism, anthropogenic landscapes, and the future of the Amazon. Science. 2008;321:1214–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Hahn GJ, Doganaksoy N. A Career in Statistics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. Wicks A, editor. Structural Health Monitoring, Volume 5: Proceedings of the 32nd IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics, 2014. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Murakami D, Yamagata Y. Flood Risk Management in Cities. In: Yamagata Y, Maruyama H, editors. Urban Resilience: A Transformative Approach. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 63–77.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomaterials Research.

Blog post

1. Bedell-Pearce H. Researchers Believe They Have Solved The 400 Year Old Mystery Of Prince Rupert’s Drops [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/researchers-believe-they-have-solved-the-400-year-old-mystery-of-prince-ruperts-drops/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. FCC: Vehicle Monitoring Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998 Aug. Report No.: OGC-98-68.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Lindsey MM. Sampling frequency for semi-arid streams and rivers: Implications for national parks in the Sonoran Desert Network [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Cooper H. Pentagon, Seeking Transparency, Says 11,000 U.S. Troops Are in Afghanistan. New York Times. 2017 Aug 30;A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomaterials Research
Abbreviation	Biomater. Res.
ISSN (online)	2055-7124
Scope