How to format your references using the Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ulbricht M (2015) Materials science: gating mechanism under pressure. Nature 519:41–42

A journal article with 2 authors

Schmittner A, Galbraith ED (2008) Glacial greenhouse-gas fluctuations controlled by ocean circulation changes. Nature 456:373–376

A journal article with 3 authors

Verburg P, Hecky RE, Kling H (2003) Ecological consequences of a century of warming in Lake Tanganyika. Science 301:505–507

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kay KN, Naselaris T, Prenger RJ, Gallant JL (2008) Identifying natural images from human brain activity. Nature 452:352–355

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bartlett K (2016) The Experience of History. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Rogach AL (2008) Semiconductor Nanocrystal Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Assembly, Spectroscopy and Applications. Springer, Vienna

A chapter in an edited book

Lei S, Hailang P, Guo C, Chengrong L (2011) Chinese Chess Recognition Based on Log-Polar Transform and FFT. In: Murgante B, Gervasi O, Iglesias A, et al (eds) Computational Science and Its Applications - ICCSA 2011: International Conference, Santander, Spain, June 20-23, 2011. Proceedings, Part IV. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 50–58

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Regenerative Medicine Has Huge Potential But It Does Not Come Cheap. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/regenerative-medicine-has-huge-potential-it-does-not-come-cheap/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) Mass Transit Grants: Noncompliance and Misspent Funds by Two Grantees in UMTA’s New York Region. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Minger L (2017) Examining Education Leadership Communication Practices around Basic and Advanced Skill Sets: A Multiple Case Study. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard B (2017) TV Drama Takes Arabs Inside Life Under ISIS. New York Times A6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
Abbreviation	Biomass Convers. Biorefin.
ISSN (print)	2190-6815
ISSN (online)	2190-6823
Scope	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

Research and Writing Guides