How to format your references using the Biomass and Bioenergy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomass and Bioenergy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

B. Nowack, Chemistry. Nanosilver revisited downstream, Science 330 (2010) 1054–1055.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

R.F. Irvine, R.M. Denton, Cell biology. Pyro-technic control of metabolism, Science 334 (2011) 770–771.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Paggi, R. Pohrt, V.L. Popov, Partial-slip frictional response of rough surfaces, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 5178.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M.M. Cox, M.F. Goodman, K.N. Kreuzer, D.J. Sherratt, S.J. Sandler, K.J. Marians, The importance of repairing stalled replication forks, Nature 404 (2000) 37–41.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A.D. Chiasson, Geothermal Heat Pump and Heat Engine Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

A. Kosowski, M. Yamashita, eds., Structural Information and Communication Complexity: 18th International Colloquium, SIROCCO 2011, Gdańsk, Poland, June 26-29, 2011. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

G. Strøm, The Reader Creates a Personal Meaning: A Comparative Study of Scenarios and Human-centred Stories, in: T. McEwan, J. Gulliksen, D. Benyon (Eds.), People and Computers XIX — The Bigger Picture: Proceedings of HCI 2005, Springer, London, 2006: pp. 53–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomass and Bioenergy.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Monkeys Believe in Winning Streaks Like Us, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/monkeys-believe-winning-streaks-us/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, FAA’s Voice Switching and Control System, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

S.T. Morrow, Coboundary theorems for collections of random variables with moment conditions, Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J.R. Oestreich, For the Record, a Conductor Talks With an Author, New York Times (2016) C4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomass and Bioenergy
Abbreviation	Biomass Bioenergy
ISSN (print)	0961-9534
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science Forestry Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Waste Management and Disposal