How to format your references using the Biomarkers in Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomarkers in Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Montoya JP. Ocean science. Old new nitrogen. Science. 323(5911), 219–220 (2009).

A journal article with 2 authors

Roediger HL 3rd, McDermott KB. Neuroscience. Remember when? Science. 333(6038), 47–48 (2011).

A journal article with 3 authors

Azuma S, Katayama I, Nakakuki T. Rheological decoupling at the Moho and implication to Venusian tectonics. Sci. Rep. 4, 4403 (2014).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Bornemann A, Norris RD, Friedrich O, et al. Isotopic evidence for glaciation during the Cretaceous supergreenhouse. Science. 319(5860), 189–192 (2008).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Peterson RL, Murtha FF. MarketPsych. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Bonnelle C. Rare-Earths and Actinides in High Energy Spectroscopy. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Mulloy PA. China Leveraged the West to Grow Its Economy and Its Comprehensive National Power. In: Leveraging: A Political, Economic and Societal Framework. Anderson DM (Ed.), Springer International Publishing, Cham, 67–79 (2014).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomarkers in Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew D. 7 Myths About Your Body That You Probably Believe [Internet]. IFLScience (2015). Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/7-myths-you-probably-believe-about-your-body/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. School Meal Programs: Experiences of the States and Districts That Eliminated Reduced-price Fees. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McConnell KF. Inventing pluralistic education: Compulsory schooling as technique of democratic deliberation. (2008).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario B. Shawn Mendes, at 18, Scores Second No. 1. New York Times, C3 (2016).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomarkers in Medicine
Abbreviation	Biomark. Med.
ISSN (print)	1752-0363
ISSN (online)	1752-0371
Scope	Clinical Biochemistry Biochemistry, medical Drug Discovery