How to format your references using the Biomarkers in Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomarkers in Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Crow JF. Development. There’s something curious about paternal-age effects. Science. 301(5633), 606–607 (2003).

A journal article with 2 authors

Morata G, Ballesteros-Arias L. Developmental Biology. Death to the losers. Science. 346(6214), 1181–1182 (2014).

A journal article with 3 authors

Koedinger KR, Booth JL, Klahr D. Education research. Instructional complexity and the science to constrain it. Science. 342(6161), 935–937 (2013).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Spence JR, Mayhew CN, Rankin SA, et al. Directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into intestinal tissue in vitro. Nature. 470(7332), 105–109 (2011).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lu M. Arithmetic and Logic in Computer Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Shen HT, Pei J, Özsu MT, et al., editors. Web-Age Information Management: WAIM 2010 International Workshops: IWGD 2010, XMLDM 2010, WCMT 2010, Jiuzhaigou Valley, China, July 15-17, 2010 Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Moreira O, Corporaal H. Resource Modeling and Compile Time Scheduling. In: Scheduling Real-Time Streaming Applications onto an Embedded Multiprocessor. Corporaal H (Ed.), Springer International Publishing, Cham, 77–116 (2014).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomarkers in Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. What Is The MERS Outbreak In South Korea? IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Patrol Frigate. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Frisbee KL. The impact of mobile health (mhealth) technology on family caregiver’s burden levels and an assessment of variations in mhealth tool use. (2015).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M. At the End, the Telltale Runners’ Bags. New York Times, D6 (2013).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomarkers in Medicine
Abbreviation	Biomark. Med.
ISSN (print)	1752-0363
ISSN (online)	1752-0371
Scope	Clinical Biochemistry Biochemistry, medical Drug Discovery